{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:32:31Z","timestamp":1784302351112,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562716800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychosurgery refers to the surgical interruption of the white matter fibres joining the frontal cortex to the remainder of the cortical mantle and to the thalamus, in an attempt to mitigate the manifestations of psychosis. It reached its heyday following World War Two and was abandoned with the introduction of major tranquilisers such as chlorpromazine. Wilder Penfield, unlike most of his contemporaries, had a jaundiced view of psychosurgery. This paper addresses Penfield\u2019s early experience with experimental, penetrating brain trauma and with the surgical resection of frontal, epileptogenic lesions, which explain his antagonism towards psychosurgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2019.48","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T09:34:40Z","timestamp":1562751280000},"page":"585-590","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Against the Current: Wilder Penfield, the Frontal Lobes and Psychosurgery"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Leblanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref17","volume-title":"Tentatives operatoires dans le traitment des psychoses","author":"Moniz","year":"1936"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref11","volume-title":"The intellectual functions of the frontal lobes","author":"Brickner","year":"1936"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.106.2754.349"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref29","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third World Congress of Psychiatry","volume":"1","author":"Freeman","year":"1961"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11151-000"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221309.1939.9710587"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref20","first-page":"527","article-title":"An interpretation of the functions of the frontal lobes based on the observation in forty-eight cases of prefrontal lobotomy","volume":"11","author":"Freeman","year":"1939","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.93.6.1379"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0957154X9700802905"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1954.02320380093011"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref12","unstructured":"12. Fulton JF , Jacobsen CF . The functions of the frontal lobes: a comparative study in monkeys, chimpanzees, and man. Abstracts of the Second International Neurological Congress. London; 1935, pp. 70\u201371."},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref2","volume-title":"Radical treatment \u2013 Wilder Penfield a life in science","author":"Leblanc","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0317167119000489_ref3","unstructured":"3. Penfield W , Evans J . Functional effects produced by cerebral lobectomies. 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