{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:15:44Z","timestamp":1774397744758,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease-2019, has been associated with an increased risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. As data emerge about the underlying mechanisms, it is important to synthesize current knowledge to improve effective treatment options. In this review, we highlight the known pathophysiology, discuss the relationship between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and address emerging implications for patient management. The information here is compiled to be a user-friendly, quick guide to help practitioners select management options for these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2022.267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T08:50:35Z","timestamp":1656406235000},"page":"495-502","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Coronavirus Disease-2019 and Stroke: Pathophysiology and Management"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5797-627X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coulter","family":"Small","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3129-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Mehkri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Panther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Felisma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Lucke-Wold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105314"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2020-0198"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0474-5","article-title":"Emerging evidence of a COVID-19 thrombotic syndrome has treatment implications","volume":"16","author":"Merrill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.04.024"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-01693-6"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135564"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112360"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030574"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.18.2165"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.06.005"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493020937189","article-title":"Cerebral ischemic and hemorrhagic complications of coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"15","author":"Sweid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Stroke."},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.192535"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensci.2020.100274"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-020-00818-9"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106112"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493020972922"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12582"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3595"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.749291"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref1","article-title":"Neuronal injuries in cerebral infarction and ischemic stroke: from mechanisms to treatment (review)","volume":"49","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104984"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145168"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.690383"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.0832"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1709650","article-title":"D-dimer is aassociated with severity of coronavirus disese 2019: a pooled analysis","volume":"120","author":"Lippi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost."},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029621999099"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045564"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13473"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2020-016220"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00163-X"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-020-00559-8"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0346"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2065"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103335"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13372"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70340-0"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.032711"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-020-01767-6"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035045"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.4.3.301"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051417"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25728"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15008"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031971"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314872"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref48","first-page":"e10157","article-title":"Acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19: mounting evidence","volume":"12","author":"Rajdev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105919"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0413-9"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.028"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.01093"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004597"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14850"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.571996"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2020.09.014"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.006"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000502414"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.608257"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106063"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c120002"},{"key":"S0317167122002670_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167122002670","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T03:51:16Z","timestamp":1688010676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167122002670\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167122002670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cjn.2022.267","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]}}}