{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:44:25Z","timestamp":1786999465281,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704412800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167123003360_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early-onset Parkinson\u2019s disease (EOPD) refers to patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) whose age at disease onset is less than 50 years. Literature on the non-motor symptoms (NMS) in these patients is very limited in the Indian context. We aimed to study the NMS in patients with EOPD and its impact on the quality of life (QoL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167123003360_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 124 patients with EOPD with a mean age at disease onset between 21 and 45 years and 60 healthy controls (HC). NMS were assessed using validated scales, and the QoL domains were evaluated using the PD QoL\u201339 scale (PDQ-39).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167123003360_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age at disease onset in EOPD patients was 37.33 \u00b1 6.36 years. Majority of the patients were male (66.12%). The average disease duration was 6.62 \u00b1 5.3 years. EOPD patients exhibited a significantly higher number of NMS per patient (7.97 \u00b1 4.69) compared to HC (1.3 \u00b1 1.39;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The most common NMS reported were urinary dysfunction, body pain, poor sleep quality, constipation, anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment, and REM sleep behavior disorder. The total NMS burden correlated with the QoL measures. Distinctive patterns of QoL subdomain involvement were identified, with sleep\/fatigue, mood\/cognition, and urinary dysfunction independently influencing QoL metrics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167123003360_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides valuable insights into the NMS profile and its impact on QoL in patients with EOPD, addressing an important knowledge gap in the Indian context. By understanding the specific NMS and their influence on QoL, healthcare professionals can develop targeted interventions to address these symptoms and improve the overall QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2023.336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T03:01:36Z","timestamp":1704423696000},"page":"650-659","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Impact of Non-Motor Symptoms on Quality of Life in Patients with Early-Onset Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8914-7281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ameya","family":"Patwardhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitish","family":"Kamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0981-0494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitabh","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Holla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8016-9089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4085-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramod Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167123003360_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00156","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for Parkinson\u2019s disease: from James Parkinson to the concept of prodromal disease","volume":"9","author":"Marsili","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167123003360_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_262_17","article-title":"Comparison of cognitive profile in young- and late-onset Parkinson\u2019s disease patients","volume":"21","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167123003360_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429","article-title":"Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency 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