{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:43:28Z","timestamp":1790099008497,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0317167124000106_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between migraine and alcohol consumption is unclear. We assessed the association between chronic migraine and alcohol use disorder(AUD), relative to chronic disease controls, and in conjunction with common comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167124000106_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective, observational study. The primary outcome was the odds ratio for AUD in patients with chronic migraine or with chronic migraine and additional comorbidities relative to controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167124000106_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3701 patients with chronic migraine, 4450 patients with low back pain, and 1780 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus met inclusion criteria. Patients with chronic migraine had a lower risk of AUD relative to both controls of low back pain (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> 0.37; 95% CI: 0.29\u20130.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> 0.39; 95% CI: 0.29\u20130.52, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Depression was associated with the largest OR for AUD in chronic migraine (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> 8.62; 95% CI: 4.99\u201314.88, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), followed by post-traumatic stress disorder (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> 6.63; 95% CI: 4.13\u201310.64, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and anxiety (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> 3.58; 95% CI: 2.23\u20135.75, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167124000106_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with chronic migraine had a lower odds ratio of AUD relative to controls. But in patients with chronic migraine, those with comorbid depression, anxiety, or PTSD are at higher risk of AUD. When patients establish care, comorbid factors should be assessed and for those at higher risk, AUD should be screened for at every visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2024.10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T06:41:21Z","timestamp":1706164881000},"page":"767-777","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Alcohol Use Disorder in Patients with Chronic Migraine: A Retrospective, Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8596-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leon S.","family":"Moskatel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niushen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004287","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder: findings from the Australian national survey of mental health and well-being","volume":"31","author":"Creamer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01653-7","article-title":"Relationship between alcohol and primary headaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"B\u0142aszczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2011.624083","article-title":"Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the Australian general population: findings of the 2007 Australian national survey of mental health and wellbeing","volume":"45","author":"McEvoy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12685","article-title":"How well do the DSM-5 alcohol use disorder designations map to the ICD-10 disorders?","volume":"39","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref26","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0317167124000106_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14428","article-title":"Alcohol as a trigger of migraine attacks in people with migraine. 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