{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:55:37Z","timestamp":1791320137080,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S031716712400310X_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is characterized by the inability of dopamine production from amino acids. Therefore, changes in amino acid profile in PD patients are very critical for understanding disease development. Determination of amino acid levels in PD patients with a cumulative approach may enlighten the disease pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S031716712400310X_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>A systematic search was performed until February 2023, resulting in 733 articles in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases to evaluate the serum amino acid profile of PD patients. Relevant articles in English with mean\/standard deviation values of serum amino acid levels of patients and their healthy controls were included in the meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S031716712400310X_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Our results suggest that valine, proline, ornithine and homocysteine levels were increased, while aspartate, citrulline, lysine and serine levels were significantly decreased in PD patients compared to healthy controls. Homocysteine showed positive correlations with glutamate and ornithine levels. We also analyzed the disease stage parameters: Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III) score, Hoehn\u2013Yahr Stage Score, disease duration and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) of patients. It was observed that LEDD has a negative correlation with arginine levels in patients. UPDRS III score is negatively correlated with phenylalanine levels, and it also tends to show a negative correlation with tyrosine levels. Disease duration tends to be negatively correlated with citrulline levels in PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S031716712400310X_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>This cumulative analysis shows evidence of the relation between the mechanisms underlying amino acid metabolism in PD, which may have a great impact on disease development and new therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2024.310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T11:19:43Z","timestamp":1733743183000},"page":"1-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of the Relationship Between Amino Acid Status and Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Comprehensive Review and 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