{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:59:03Z","timestamp":1790744343901,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125104745_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optic neuritis (ON) represents the most common optic neuropathy in young adults; however, longitudinal data on visual recovery, particularly in autoimmune ON subtypes, remain limited. This study aimed to assess long-term visual outcomes in patients with severe ON without multiple sclerosis stratified by autoantibody status: aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG positive, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG positive and double seronegative (DN).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125104745_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted at a tertiary neurology center in southern India, including severe ON patients (best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA] \u22641.0 logMAR) between January 2016 and April 2024. Serological testing for AQP4 and MOG antibodies was performed via cell-based assays. Visual outcomes were categorized as \u201cgood recovery\u201d (\u226566.77% improvement in BCVA) and \u201ccomplete recovery\u201d (return to baseline BCVA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125104745_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 42 patients, 17 were AQP4-IgG positive, 10 MOG-IgG positive and 15 DN. The median BCVA at nadir was 1.7 logMAR. Compared with that in the MOG-IgG group, the likelihood of complete visual recovery was lower in both the AQP4-IgG (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.18;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.16) and DN (HR: 0.56;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.34) groups. For good recovery, the AQP4-IgG (HR: 0.16;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and DN (HR: 0.24;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) groups had significantly lower HR. All MOG-IgG\u2013positive patients achieved good recovery, compared with fewer than half in the other groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125104745_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibody status predicted long-term visual outcomes in patients with isolated ON, with MOG-IgG conferring the best recovery, AQP4-IgG the worst and DN intermediate, underscoring the importance of early, antibody-guided management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2025.10474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:42:58Z","timestamp":1765874578000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Autoantibody Status on Visual Outcomes in Severe Optic Neuritis Patients Without Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7925-9741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prashant","family":"Bhatele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xzytt36","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvind N.","family":"Prabhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xzytt36","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna R.","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xzytt36","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-021-01712-3"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231199819"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5857"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref30","first-page":"93","article-title":"Characterization of seronegative neuromyelitis optica in 2016","volume":"22","author":"Pandit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00187-9"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000002157"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref25","first-page":"e963","article-title":"A novel excel sheet conversion tool from Snellen fraction to LogMAR including counting fingers, hand movement, light perception and no light perception and focused review of literature of low visual acuity reference values","volume":"99","author":"Moussa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmology"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.3602"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2025.108787"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000101"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2025.578591"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10352-1"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.03.041"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24554"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-03108-y"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000225"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S271820"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.04.042"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316286"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.540156"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.07.020"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103761"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104611"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31825662f1"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref12","first-page":"727","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis risk after optic neuritis: final optic neuritis treatment trial follow-up","volume":"65","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577494"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.060"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13753"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311177"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-2-35"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02420-2"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516678474"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.09.007"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00200-9"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2021.1964541"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nerep.2025.100260"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.07.014"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.121131"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.01.015"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-025-03683-8"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.11.029"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-0783-6"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vision7010016"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202273260901"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01658107.2015.1072726"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323158"},{"key":"S0317167125104745_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2023.02.013"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167125104745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:43:00Z","timestamp":1765874580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167125104745\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0317167125104745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cjn.2025.10474","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]}}}