{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:17:03Z","timestamp":1785428223852,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125105179_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite extensive research on temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), most work focuses on treatment outcomes and their determinants. Detailed evaluation of causal factors has not been adequately addressed in most published studies. This study aimed to explore potential etiologic risk factors for TLE through a chart review of prospectively collected data from a Canadian epilepsy clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125105179_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive patients diagnosed with TLE at a Canadian epilepsy clinic were included. Consecutive patients with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) served as a comparison group. The study database comprised prospectively collected demographic and epilepsy data, including birth history, development, antecedents, imaging and EEG findings. Statistical analysis compared antecedent factors between the TLE and GGE groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125105179_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighty-nine TLE patients (mean age 42.3 \u00b1 15.9 years, 45M), and 69 GGE patients (mean age 32.8 \u00b1 14 years, 36M) were included. TLE was strongly associated with prior significant head trauma (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and seizure following major neurological insult (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.044). MRI showed mesial temporal sclerosis in 13 TLE patients (14.6%) and was normal in 45 (50.5%). Among EEG abnormalities in TLE, 48% localized to the posterior temporal region.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0317167125105179_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant head trauma and early post-insult seizures were the strongest associated risk factors for TLE in this Canadian cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2025.10517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T03:21:15Z","timestamp":1768360875000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antecedents and Potential Risk Factors for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Data From a Canadian Epilepsy Clinic"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1874-0581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huda","family":"Matbuli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Koebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lysa","family":"Boiss\u00e9 Lomax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9395-1478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavin Paul","family":"Winston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2954-1364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Garima","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queen\u2019s University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167125105179_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(96)00043-5"},{"key":"S0317167125105179_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13965"},{"key":"S0317167125105179_ref26","unstructured":"26. Eurostat. Sport participation \u2013 Practicing sport and physical activity. Statistics explained. 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Government of Canada SC. More Canadians getting active outside. Statistics Canada. 2023. 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