{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:38:11Z","timestamp":1785429491878,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":125,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Trans. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2059866126107444_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) partnered with 31 community-based organizations (CBOs) to implement contact tracing to identify and manage potential COVID-19 infection cases in the city of Chicago.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2059866126107444_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the performance of the COVID-19 contact tracing, we utilized data between September 16, 2020, and December 31, 2021. Contact tracers collected data through phone interviews with potentially affected individuals. The level of initiation, timeliness, and completion of the contact tracing process were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2059866126107444_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 38,086 unique individuals were included in the analysis. Compared to White contacts, Blacks were more likely to refuse contact tracing, and Hispanics were less likely to be contacted within 7 days of exposure. Community areas with a greater number of contact tracing cases had a lower proportion of call completion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2059866126107444_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was significant difficulty conducting contact tracing in the early months of COVID-19 due to the high volume of infected individuals. Contact tracing efforts were less successful among racial\/ethnic minority residents despite the city\u2019s efforts to hire and train community members as contact tracers by engaging a wide range of CBOs. Preparedness plans for future pandemic events will benefit from strategies to improve community response to surveillance programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/cts.2026.10744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T04:14:02Z","timestamp":1778040842000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community-engaged COVID-19 contact tracing initiative in Chicago"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8939-5157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sage J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mpq6x41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"McWhirter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mpq6x41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajanta","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Department of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeni","family":"Hebert-Beirne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mpq6x41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Hershow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mpq6x41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Stiehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02mpq6x41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-010-1481-z"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-021-01283-8"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.3877"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241473"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15240"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-023-01594-6"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.782296"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/69095"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref30","first-page":"41","article-title":"Examining male predominance of severe COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Twitchell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Androg Clin Res Ther"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115814"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/27882"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref31","first-page":"e0148","article-title":"Gender difference is associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: An insight from a meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Ueyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care Explor"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd17.200247"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x2021e11711"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref10","unstructured":"10. World Health Organization. Public health criteria to adjust public health and social measures in the context of COVID-19. 2020, (https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/332073\/WHO-2019-nCoV-Adjusting_PH_measures-Criteria-2020.1-eng.pdf) Accessed May 5, 2025."},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306842"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19838-3"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242652"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.1529"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.02.045"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref35","first-page":"1603","article-title":"Automated digital notification of COVID-19 diagnoses through text and email messaging \u2014 North Carolina","volume":"70","author":"Farrell","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref15","unstructured":"15. Gramlich, J , Funk, C. Black Americans face higher COVID-19 risks, are more hesitant to trust medical scientists, get vaccinated. Pew Research Center. 2020, (https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2020\/06\/04\/black-americans-face-higher-covid-19-risks-are-more-hesitant-to-trust-medical-scientists-get-vaccinated\/) Accessed November 11, 2024."},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.0.0323"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254127"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2023.100103"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.721952"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01821"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2020.06.045"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000001608"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000001841"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/39002"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305120948162"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref1","unstructured":"1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Contact tracing. World Health Organization, (https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/questions-and-answers\/item\/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-contact-tracing) Accessed January 20, 2024."},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252499"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/heq.2022.0041"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02290.x"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref19","first-page":"299","article-title":"The disproportional impact of COVID-19 on African Americans","volume":"22","author":"Vasquez Reyes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Hum Rights"},{"key":"S2059866126107444_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.11098"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical and Translational Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2059866126107444","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T07:07:36Z","timestamp":1784272056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2059866126107444\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["S2059866126107444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cts.2026.10744","relation":{},"ISSN":["2059-8661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2059-8661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e88"}}