{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T17:15:18Z","timestamp":1720458918608},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]],"date-time":"2015-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smallpox is an acute, febrile, contagious disease caused by the Variola virus, which is a member of the Poxviridae family. Until the 1970s, smallpox had been a pandemic disease for more than 3000 years, endemic in tropical and developing areas and periodically epidemic worldwide. The World Health Organization declared smallpox to be completely eradicated in 1980 as the result of global vaccination efforts. At that time, all routine vaccination programs were terminated, given the success of this monumental eradication. Although smallpox remains fully eradicated, uncertainty exists regarding the possibility of recurrent smallpox outbreaks. At the end of the Cold War, concerns regarding unstable international security and the feasibility of terrorism with weapons of mass destruction have been highlighted. The potential threat of intentional release of smallpox has forced regional health authorities to reconsider their political landscape and create preparedness plans to protect the community in the event of biological attacks. Here we present current countermeasures to this biological threat in Japan and discuss methods for strengthening public health preparedness both domestically and internationally. These methods include infection control, vaccination policy, and international partnerships to help deter or contain a contagious smallpox pandemic. (<jats:italic>Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness<\/jats:italic>. 2015;9:220-223)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2014.157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T03:07:48Z","timestamp":1435806468000},"page":"220-223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preparedness for a Smallpox Pandemic in Japan: Public Health Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yasumasa","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Matsukuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Kanatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02642-05"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref12","first-page":"4","article-title":"Development of the attenuated smallpox vaccine, LC16m8, produced by cell culture [in Japanese]","volume":"50","author":"Hashizume","year":"2004","journal-title":"Modern Media"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2222\/jsv.54.249"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.289"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550050074036"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X00001023"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi.83.236"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref3","unstructured":"Broad WJ . How Japan germ terror alerted world. New York Times. Published May 26, 1998. http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1998\/05\/26\/world\/sowing-death-a-special-report-how-japan-germ-terror-alerted-world.html?pagewanted=print. Accessed September 20, 2014."},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/dmp.2011.49"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref17","unstructured":"GHSI Ministerial Statements Rome, Italy, 13 December, 2013. http:\/\/www.ghsi.ca\/english\/statementitaly2013.asp. Accessed September 20, 2014."},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DMP.0b013e3181583d66"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bsp.2014.1509.comm"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref11","first-page":"344","article-title":"Establishment and utilization of information infrastructure preparing for public health emergencies [in Japanese]","volume":"61","author":"Tanihata","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Natl Inst Public Health"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339909"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref5","first-page":"145","article-title":"Declaration of global eradication of smallpox","volume":"55","year":"1980","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref4","first-page":"669","article-title":"An airborne outbreak of smallpox in German hospital and its significance with respect to other recent outbreaks in Europe","volume":"43","author":"Wehrle","year":"1970","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"S1935789314001578_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12199-009-0111-z"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789314001578","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T02:08:14Z","timestamp":1555812494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789314001578\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935789314001578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2014.157","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}}}