{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:57:22Z","timestamp":1788793042400,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High levels of stress are expected when crises affect people\u2019s lives. Therefore, this Web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from Pakistan to investigate the psychological impairment and coping strategies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Google Forms were used to disseminate the online questionnaire to assess anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and coping strategies (Brief-COPE). A total of 1134 responses (age, 21.7 \u00b1 3.5 y) were included. The frequency of students having moderate-severe anxiety and depression (score \u2265 10) were \u2248 34% and 45%, respectively. The respondents\u2019 aged \u2265 31 y had significantly lower depression score than those \u2264 20 y (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.047). Males had significantly less anxiety (6.62 \u00b1 5.70 vs 7.84 \u00b1 5.60;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001) and depression (8.73 \u00b1 6.84 vs 9.71 \u00b1 7.06;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.031) scores. Those having family members, friends, or acquaintances infected with disease had significantly higher anxiety scores (8.89 \u00b1 5.74 vs 7.09 \u00b1 5.56;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). Regarding coping strategies, the majority of respondents were found to have adopted religious\/spiritual coping (6.45 \u00b1 1.68) followed by acceptance (5.58 \u00b1 1.65), self-distraction (4.97 \u00b1 1.61), and active coping (4.81 \u00b1 1.57). In conclusion, COVID-19 caused significant impairment on mental health of the students. The most frequent coping strategies adopted by students were religious\/spiritual and acceptance coping. During epidemics, mental health of students should not be neglected.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T03:43:26Z","timestamp":1603338206000},"page":"920-926","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Psychological Impairment and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Students in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Salman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noman","family":"Asif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zia Ul","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahir Mehmood","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naureen","family":"Shehzadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humera","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Husnnain","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Tanveer","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusra Habib","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Hammad","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tauqeer Hussain","family":"Mallhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.1116"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2020.Supp1.S9","article-title":"A systematic analysis of studies on corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) from viral emergence to treatment","volume":"30","author":"Misbah","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm0401_6"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref7","article-title":"Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control","author":"Li","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref3","unstructured":"3. Kaleem, MF. Educational institutions to stay closed till July 15; board exams cancelled. 2020. https:\/\/dailytimes.com.pk\/609118\/educational-institutions-to-stay-closed-till-july-15-board-exams-cancelled\/. Accessed November 5, 2020."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012731520781"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.049"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051729"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref18","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","author":"Wortmann","year":"2016"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref15","unstructured":"15. World Health Organization. Healthy at home \u2013 mental health. 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/campaigns\/connecting-the-world-to-combat-coronavirus\/healthyathome\/healthyathome---mental-health. Accessed November 5, 2020."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-011-9358-0"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.01.005"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref1","first-page":"30048","article-title":"The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious diseases: a review","volume":"5","author":"Lindahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Ecol Epidemiol."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.342.12298"},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref13","unstructured":"13. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/situation-reports. Accessed November 5, 2020."},{"key":"S1935789320003973_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789320003973","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T23:51:29Z","timestamp":1670802689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789320003973\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935789320003973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2020.397","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.05.21.20108647","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]}}}