{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:39:29Z","timestamp":1766428769553},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623024000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1935789321001683_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exerted unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems throughout the world. This study was designed to develop a national health emergency management program based on risk assessment for COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1935789321001683_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mixed-methods research was used. Based on recommendations of the national epidemiology committee, 2 risk scenarios were used as basic scenarios for risk assessment. Two rounds of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted between January and May 2020 with 30 representatives of the health system. The data were collected, analyzed, and integrated by the research team.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1935789321001683_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the risk matrix, \u201c<jats:bold>contamination of environment and individuals<\/jats:bold>\u201d and \u201c<jats:bold>burnout of medical staff<\/jats:bold>\u201d occupied the red zone (intolerable risk). \u201c<jats:bold>Defects in screening and admissions<\/jats:bold>,\u201d \u201c<jats:bold>process disruption in medical care and rehabilitation<\/jats:bold>,\u201d \u201c<jats:bold>increased mental disorders<\/jats:bold>,\u201d \u201c<jats:bold>social dissatisfaction<\/jats:bold>,\u201d \u201c<jats:bold>the decline in healthcare services<\/jats:bold>,\u201d and \u201c<jats:bold>loss of medical staff<\/jats:bold>\u201d were identified as the orange zone (significant risk) of the matrix.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1935789321001683_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The avoidance of environmental and individual contamination and healthcare worker burnout are the priorities in Iran. Attention to intersectoral cooperation, the involvement of non-governmental organizations and private center capacities, integration of information health systems, and developing evidence-based protocols are other measures that can improve the health system\u2019s capacity in the response COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2021.168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T10:37:26Z","timestamp":1623062246000},"page":"1806-1810","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Risk Assessment of COVID-19 in the Iranian Health System"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Khankeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pirhossein","family":"Kolivand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Fathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Lornejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Abbasabadi-Arab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref6","volume-title":"National Hospital Disaster Risk Management Program based on Accreditation Indicators","author":"Khankeh","year":"2018"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30204-7"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/aim.2020.08"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref12","first-page":"94","article-title":"Psychosocial stresses and concerns of people living in Tehran: a survey on 6000 adult participants","volume":"13","author":"Noorbala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry."},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S251351"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref8","unstructured":"8. Rovins, JE , Wilson, TM , Hayes, J , et al. 2015. Risk Assessment Handbook. GNS Science Miscellaneous Series, 84. 71p"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30673-5"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59469-9_6"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref7","unstructured":"7. Daily situation report on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran. March 31, 2020. http:\/\/corona.behdasht.gov.ir\/files\/site1\/files\/Factsheet15-0109-En.pdf."},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref1","unstructured":"1. Worldometer. Coronavirus cases. www.worldometers.info\/coronavirus. Accessed June 6, 2021."},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S215444"},{"key":"S1935789321001683_ref2","unstructured":"2. World Health Organization. Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19: interim guidance, 22 March 2020. 2020. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/331511. Accessed June 6, 2021."}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789321001683","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T11:03:35Z","timestamp":1666955015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789321001683\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935789321001683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2021.168","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]}}}