{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T06:22:13Z","timestamp":1780899733914,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789321003372_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>As of March 2020, governments throughout the world implemented business closures, work from home policies, and school closures due to exponential increase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, leaving only essential workers being able to work on site. For most of the children and adolescent school closures during the first lockdown had significant physical and psychosocial consequences. Here, we describe a comprehensive Return to School program based on a behavior safety protocol combined with the use of saliva-based reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) pooled screening technique to keep schools opened.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789321003372_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>The program had 2 phases: before school (safety and preparation protocols) and once at school (disease control program: saliva-based RT-PCR pooled screening protocol and contact tracing). Pooling: Aliquots of saliva from 24 individuals were pooled and 1 RT-PCR test was performed. If positive, the initial 24-pool was then retested (12 pools of 2). Individual RT-PCR tests from saliva samples from positive pools of 2 were performed to get an individual diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789321003372_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>From August 31 until December 20, 2020 (16-wk period) a total of 3 pools, and subsequent 3 individual diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease were reported (2 teachers and 1 staff).<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789321003372_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Until COVID-19 vaccine can be administered broadly to all-age children, saliva-based RT-PCR pooling testing is the missing piece we were searching for to keep schools opened.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2021.337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T09:00:24Z","timestamp":1642150824000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Saliva-Based, COVID-19 RT-PCR Pooled Screening Strategy to Keep Schools Open"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Perea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Tretina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk N.","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Love","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabor","family":"Bethlendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wirtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01438-20"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMms2024920"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref43","unstructured":"43. CDC. Key things to know about COVID-19 vaccines. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/vaccines\/keythingstoknow.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.11.20062372"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-3012"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.05.001"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref12","unstructured":"12. CDC. Indicators for dynamic school decision-making. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/community\/schools-childcare\/operation-strategy.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref3","first-page":"421","article-title":"Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.5445"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref34","unstructured":"34. CDC. What to do if you are sick. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/if-you-are-sick\/steps-when-sick.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref37","unstructured":"37. The Atlantic. Schools aren\u2019t super-spreaders - fears from the summer appear to have been overblown. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/ideas\/archive\/2020\/10\/schools-arent-superspreaders\/616669\/"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref5","unstructured":"5. CDC. Operating schools during COVID-19: CDC\u2019s considerations. 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Vogels, CBF , Brackney, D , Wang, J , et al. SalivaDirect: simple and sensitive molecular diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. medRxiv. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.08.03.20167791v1"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2028209"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.26.20112565"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2008457"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4946.20.05887-9"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref41","unstructured":"41. USA Facts. US Coronavirus vaccine tracker. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/usafacts.org\/visualizations\/covid-vaccine-tracker-states\/"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2008373117"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref30","unstructured":"30. 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Accessed October 8, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/more\/scientific-brief-sars-cov-2.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref15","unstructured":"15. CDC. Test for current infection. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/testing\/diagnostic-testing.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref32","unstructured":"32. Mirimus. Back to school. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.mirimus.com"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref40","unstructured":"40. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. Scientific brief: SARS-CoV-2 and potential airborne transmission. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/more\/scientific-brief-sars-cov-2.html"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref33","unstructured":"33. Meenta. Any test. Any time. One marketplace. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/meenta.io"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.005"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref36","unstructured":"36. Edmonton Journal. Schools aren\u2019t super-spreaders of COVID-19 among kids, evidence shows: groundwork. Accessed November 27, 2021. https:\/\/edmontonjournal.com\/news\/local-news\/groundwork\/schools-arent-super-spreaders-of-covid-19-among-kids-evidence-shows-groundwork"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00776-20"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21946"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.09.02.20183830"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30245-9"},{"key":"S1935789321003372_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00776-20"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789321003372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T14:25:15Z","timestamp":1675175115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789321003372\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S1935789321003372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2021.337","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"article-number":"e70"}}