{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:35:35Z","timestamp":1784309735860,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":137,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>As of October 2021, Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) volunteers donated over 2 million h to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Health Belief Model (HBM) is used to understand the value a person places on preventative behavior against the risk of disease. A mixed method, unmatched, prospective case-control study was conducted regarding volunteers\u2019 experience during the pandemic, reasons why these highly trained persons volunteer, what barriers to vaccination they observed, and how they helped others overcome those barriers. The HBM can elucidate the cognitive process to vaccinate. Regression analysis found a person\u2019s attitude (which includes beliefs, peer pressure, preconceptions, unwillingness, and other indicators) is a barrier to vaccination. Service hours increased from 20 to 56 h among volunteers who saw attitude as a barrier to vaccination. Superstition and fear accounted for 99.8% of unvaccinated persons (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Fear was a barrier to protective health behavior. The public health system must do better to build trust as an ongoing endeavor, as even the increased service volunteers provided in response to the observed attitudes, was not enough to stem exponential transmission once the pandemic had begun. Policy-makers and the public health authority should take all necessary steps early in the pandemic to ensure the effectiveness of the vaccination program.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2023.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T05:42:06Z","timestamp":1684388526000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["False Beliefs and Attitude Are Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3950-7971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald E.","family":"Brannen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faryaal","family":"Zindani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson","family":"Halderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref12","unstructured":"12. CDC. Estimates of vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19. Published 2021. Accessed October 16, 2021. https:\/\/data.cdc.gov\/stories\/s\/Vaccine-Hesitancy-for-COVID-19\/cnd2-a6zw\/#"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/dmp.2012.49"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00124784-200407000-00005"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref23","unstructured":"23. CDC. Expanding COVID-19 vaccine distribution to primary care expanding COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution to Primary Care Providers to Address Disparities in Immunizations. Accessed April 14, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/covid-19\/downloads\/Guide-for-Jurisdictions-on-PCP-COVID-19-Vaccination.pdf"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref1","unstructured":"1. Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR). Medical Reserve Corps. Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 12, 2021. https:\/\/www.phe.gov\/mrc\/Pages\/default.aspx"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/29872"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref16","unstructured":"16. National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). Medical Reserve Corps (MRC). 2019. Deployment Readiness Guide. Accessed October 14, 2021. https:\/\/www.naccho.org\/uploads\/downloadable-resources\/2019-MRC-deployment-ready-guide_2021-updates.pdf"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7037e1"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref24","unstructured":"24. Ohiogov. Notice to be given of prevalence of infectious diseases. Ohio Revised Code\/Title 37 Health-Safety-Morals\/Chapter 3707, Board of Health, Section 3707.06, February 12, 2002, House Bill 6\u2013125 General Assembly."},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref4","unstructured":"4. PHEP Region 6 SW, Thomas R. Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) ed. Hamilton County, OH: Hamilton County Public Health; 2021:1-45."},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref22","unstructured":"22. Ariadne Labs. Vaccine equity planner. 2021. Accessed February 16, 2022. https:\/\/vaccineplanner.org\/"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref2","unstructured":"2. National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). 2020 Operational Readiness Awards Final Report. Medical Reserve Corps. 2021. Accessed May 6, 2023. https:\/\/www.naccho.org\/uploads\/header-images\/public-health-preparedness\/2020-ORA-Final-Report.pdf"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13140\/RG.2.2.13096.06407"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref14","unstructured":"14. US Census Bureau. Quickfacts: Greene County, Ohio; United States. Accessed October 15, 2021. https:\/\/www.census.gov\/quickfacts\/fact\/table\/greenecountyohio,US\/PST045219"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Organizational culture on community health outcomes after the 2009 H1N1 pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Brannen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Organ Culture Commun Confl."},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-022-01802-1"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/ajdm.2014.0178"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref10","unstructured":"10. US Department of Commerce NOAA. Tornado outbreak - May 27-28, 2019. National Weather Service. Published June 15, 2021. Accessed October 15, 2021. https:\/\/www.weather.gov\/iln\/20190527"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112552"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref25","unstructured":"25. casetext. Reporting contagious or infectious diseases, illnesses, health conditions, or unusual infectious agents or biological toxins. Ohio Revised Code\/Title 37, Health-Safety-Morals\/Chapter 3701 Department of Health, Section 3701.23, September 10, 2012 \u2013 House Bill 487\u2013129 General Assembly."},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref21","unstructured":"21. Martin, S. Primary care physicians should play key role in COVID-19 vaccine distribution. Accessed February 16, 2022. https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/news\/blogs\/leadervoices\/entry\/20210205lv-covidvacc.html"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500203"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2015.21"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/ojphi.v8i3.6977"},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref8","first-page":"8258946","article-title":"International air travel to Ohio, USA, and the impact on malaria, influenza, and hepatitis A","volume":"2016","author":"Brannen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientifica (Cairo)."},{"key":"S193578932300023X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/K-05-2022-0667"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S193578932300023X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T04:00:40Z","timestamp":1684987240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S193578932300023X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S193578932300023X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2023.23","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"article-number":"e398"}}