{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:36:10Z","timestamp":1790681770645,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":192,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789323000691_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>War may raise the level of distress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study explores the extent to which 4 factors determine levels of PTSD and distress symptoms of Ukraine civilians (without developing PTSD) during the current war.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789323000691_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>The data were collected via a Ukrainian internet panel company. 1001 participants responded to a structured online questionnaire. Path analysis was conducted to identify predictive indicators of PTSD scores.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789323000691_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>PTSD symptoms positively correlated with respondents\u2019 level of exposure to the war and their sense of danger, and negatively correlated with well-being, family income, and age. Females scored higher on PTSD symptoms. Path analysis showed that higher exposure to war and higher sense of danger increase PTSD and distress symptoms, whereas higher well-being, higher individual resilience, and being a man, as well as older age decrease their level. Despite the strong effects of the coping suppressing factors, most respondents did not reach the critical level of PTSD or distress symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789323000691_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>At least 4 positive and negative factors account for people\u2019s coping with stressful experiences: previous traumatic experiences, individual level of pathology, personality attributes, and socio-demographic characteristics. The balance of these factors protects most people from PTSD symptoms despite their being affected by war traumas.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2023.69","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T09:10:40Z","timestamp":1689153040000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Predictors of PTSD and Psychological Distress Symptoms of Ukraine Civilians During war"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yohanan","family":"Eshel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaul","family":"Kimhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadas","family":"Marciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4358-0872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruria","family":"Adini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S329036"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20271"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00812463211040380"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.01.006"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2021.1978417"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.1.20"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015309"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220472"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2000.2.1\/bvdkolk"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052720"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120270"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02844-1"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0115-6"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.316"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.04.042"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref33","first-page":"968","article-title":"A developmental psychopathology approach to the prevention of mental health disorders","volume":"1","author":"Lalongo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Developmental psychopathology."},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459307077545"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2003.02938.x"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2008.08.003"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104526"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3588-3"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg187"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.6.959"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325024.2014.965970"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12983"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.748"},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1999.84.1.206","article-title":"goal-blocking thoughts, and test-related anxieties","volume":"84","author":"Hope","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol Rep."},{"key":"S1935789323000691_ref9","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in adult civilian survivors of war who stay in war-afflicted regions. 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