{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T02:57:48Z","timestamp":1770692268886,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":91,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a contagious disease that has been endemic in central and west Africa since 1970, characterized by symptoms such as fever, headache, and skin rash. While there is no approved treatment for MPXV infections, vaccination has proven effective in limiting its transmission, and previous smallpox vaccinations may also provide protection against monkeypox. However, the dependence of monkeypox on animal hosts makes eradication more complicated than with smallpox. Research should focus on assessing the safety of the vaccines, their duration of immunity, and their efficacy against the prevalent strains of monkeypox. The virus\u2019s accelerated rate of mutation poses additional challenges, as does the fact that it can be transmitted through animals, making eradication more complex than with smallpox. A comprehensive global immunization strategy is needed to address these complexities and draw on lessons learned from past eradication efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2025.66","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T10:10:39Z","timestamp":1743588639000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Smallpox Vaccines for Monkeypox: Is Emergency Vaccination Imminent?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Syed","family":"Mukareem Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4608-5321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khabab","family":"Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Areeba","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghassan","family":"E. Mustafa Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irtebaat","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samiuddin","family":"Tariq Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faizan","family":"Niaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Waris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789325000667_r1","unstructured":"1. World Health Organization: WHO, World Health Organization: WHO. Mpox. Published August 26, 2024. Accessed https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/monkeypox"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.01.23.525187"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2022.106869"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.106960","article-title":"Challenges in the treatment and prevention of monkeypox infection; a comprehensive review","volume":"245","author":"Nyame","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Tropica."},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r6","unstructured":"6. Public Health Response Activities. Smallpox. Published October 15, 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/smallpox\/php\/bioterrorism-response-planning\/public-health-response-activities.html"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00856-9","article-title":"Human monkeypox: an emerging zoonosis","volume":"4","author":"Di Giulio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r4","unstructured":"4. Administration USF and D. FDA Provides Update on Agency Response to Monkeypox Outbreak. PR Newswire. Published July 29, 2022. https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/fda-provides-update-on-agency-response-to-monkeypox-outbreak-301596348.html"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100264"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01437-4"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8258946"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16781","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416781","article-title":"Human Monkeypox\u2014a global public health emergency","volume":"19","author":"Zardi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r7","unstructured":"7. HAN Archive - 00468 | Health Alert Network (HAN). https:\/\/archive.cdc.gov\/www_cdc_gov\/han\/2022\/han00468.html"},{"key":"S1935789325000667_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2704.203569","article-title":"Reemergence of human monkeypox and declining population immunity in the context of urbanization, Nigeria, 2017\u20132020","volume":"27","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789325000667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T10:10:54Z","timestamp":1743588654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789325000667\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["S1935789325000667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2025.66","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e81"}}