{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:18:31Z","timestamp":1785421111755,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":210,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104121_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Armed conflicts can deteriorate environmental conditions, including air quality, yet their short-term health implications remain underexplored. This study assessed the impact of the 2024 Beirut conflict on air pollution and associated respiratory and dermatological risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104121_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Satellite-derived air pollution concentrations for Beirut\u2019s Southern Suburbs were compared between the pre-war period (Aug. 1-Sep. 22, 2024) and the war period (Sep. 23-Nov. 29, 2024), using Mann-Whitney U and independent t-tests. Ground-level PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      was measured across 5 sites from October 25 to November 3, 2024. Relative risk (RR) and attributable risk percentage (AR%) for hospital admissions were estimated using exposure-response functions from the Beirut Air Pollution and Health Effects (BAPHE) study. WHO\u2019s AirQ+ tool was applied for the validation of respiratory outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104121_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      increased from 15.11 \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      pre-war satellite period to 20.21 \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      during the war. Ground-measured wartime median increased from 19.33 \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      to 22.16 \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      in the direct war zone (DWZ). Wartime respiratory admissions increased modestly (RR = 1.011, AR% = 1.13%) in DWZ, while skin disease admissions were higher in DWZ (RR = 1.032, AR% = 3.10%). AirQ+ estimates were aligned with BAPHE-based findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104121_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 2024 Beirut conflict elevated air pollution, with measurable short-term health impacts, underscoring the need for environmental monitoring and preparedness during armed conflicts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2026.10412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T07:23:47Z","timestamp":1785396227000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing Short-Term Respiratory and Skin Disease Risks From Air Pollution During the 2024 Armed Conflict in Beirut, Lebanon"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6980-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Abi Nader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01xvwxv41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Balamand"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wjy0847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Health and Environment Response Agency (HERA)"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/044fxjq88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universite Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emile","family":"Whaibeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01xvwxv41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Balamand"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wjy0847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Health and Environment Response Agency 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Israeli Offensive Against Lebanon 2023-2024: Overview of Attacks and Damages Across Key Sectors. Published December 10, 2024. Accessed January 4, 2025. 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