{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:06:03Z","timestamp":1790813163078,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":218,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104194_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the barriers and facilitators influencing voluntary participation in health care crises.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104194_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative and exploratory study was conducted in 2025 at governmental health care centers in eastern Iran. Data were collected through a series of unstructured interviews. Stratified, purposeful, and snowball sampling were employed. Data analysis was performed using the qualitative thematic analysis approach as outlined by Braun and Clarke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104194_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data saturation was achieved after conducting interviews with 14 participants. Barriers to voluntary participation among health care personnel were organized into four primary themes: Physical, Psychological, and Emotional Challenges; Organizational Issues; Financial and Material Constraints; and Family, Social, and Cultural Concerns. Conversely, facilitators promoting voluntary participation were classified into 5 main themes: Intrinsic Motivation, Values, and Personal Characteristics; Cultural, Social, and Family Support; Organizational Support and Leadership; Experience and Skills; and Material and Financial Incentives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104194_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Barriers and facilitators varied across clinical and paramedical professions, with differences also noted between physicians and nurses. The negative impact of closed, autocratic, and non-transparent organizations highlighted the importance of an open, accountable, and equitable environment in promoting voluntary engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2026.10419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T07:59:43Z","timestamp":1786089583000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Barriers and Facilitators of Voluntary Participation by Health Care Personnel During Crises: A Qualitative Interview Study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0576-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h2hg078","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeede","family":"Saadatjoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h2hg078","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Aghamaleki Sarvestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01n3s4692","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789326104194_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-8-247"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-020-00359-2"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15598276241230043"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1387494"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-024-00897-x"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme-2022-108262"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.141942"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.13075"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-10822-6"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r35","article-title":"Factors influencing paternalistic clinical environment in Iran: an exploratory research brief","volume":"12","author":"Khosravi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Patient Exp."},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.797153"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09697330221114339"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3072-3"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r1","unstructured":"1. Wang, D , Gupta, V . Crisis intervention. StatPearls [Internet]. 2023 Apr 24."},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S411896"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010469"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2021.106584"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1338_20"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1368661"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r3","article-title":"Towards resilient healthcare systems: a framework for crisis management","volume":"29","author":"Emami","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health. Feb"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r23","first-page":"127","article-title":"Determining factors on volunteers\u2019 presence in hospital response to disasters and emergencies: a qualitative study","volume":"13","author":"Jannat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Inj Violence Res."},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemep.2021.100730"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab098"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12738"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HMR.0000000000000365"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0213-9111(94)71199-7"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep15110376"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.03.008"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.12571"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-21540-2"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.91951"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2021.104"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1460421"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1263_20"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13309"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019238"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phn.13303"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-024-02226-y"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15271544241286083"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_870_20"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/4f93005fbcb34"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10376178.2025.2523308"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13571"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X20000795"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11114"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-9066.197680","article-title":"The sociological study of nurse-physician professional relationship in Iran","volume":"21","author":"Mehrabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. Nov-Dec"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r20","first-page":"52","article-title":"Engagement of healthcare professionals in voluntary activities during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Najafi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Iran Med Counc."},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.70073"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-022-01116-7"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00224"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042910"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.13107"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00144"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70059"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12962-020-00242-8"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2022.2057166"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r34","first-page":"8","article-title":"Inter-professional relationships issues among Iranian nurses and physicians: a qualitative study","volume":"22","author":"Nakhaee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. Jan-Feb"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2024.143"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mnl.2021.08.013"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13998"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-03984-4"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r39","first-page":"Cd013582","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers\u2019 adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis","volume":"4","author":"Houghton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054346"},{"key":"S1935789326104194_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0046958020917491"}],"container-title":["Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1935789326104194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T07:59:45Z","timestamp":1786089585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1935789326104194\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S1935789326104194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2026.10419","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-7893","1938-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-7893","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e144"}}