{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:04:20Z","timestamp":1790762660370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":272,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disaster med. public health prep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104339_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disaster response requires a diverse set of skills, yet there is no universally agreed definition of the specific competences needed. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how disaster responders acquire competence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104339_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative study using inductive thematic analysis. Individual interviews with disaster responders who had worked in a leading position.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104339_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 14 participants from 7 nationalities, all of whom were experienced disaster responders from different professions. From the analysis, four themes arose describing different ways of acquiring the competences and skills required to function as a disaster responder. Previous background, formal training, mental preparedness, and personal traits all had a role in how competences and skills were acquired among disaster responders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1935789326104339_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Formal training alone cannot fully prepare disaster responders for the reality of a disaster but needs to be combined with personal experiences from both disasters and other contexts as well as mental preparation. Personal traits also play a role for acquisition of competence. When designing training programs, technical disaster-specific skills should serve as the core, but equal emphasis should be placed on non-technical skills, especially teamwork, leadership, mentoring, and gender awareness within response teams. These elements contribute to developing capable and well-prepared responders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2026.10433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:44:47Z","timestamp":1790761487000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acquisition of Competences for Disaster Responders: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2794-5026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Westman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Kurland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0534-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Hugelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1935789326104339_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10775587211039201"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r5","volume-title":"Competences needed for disaster responders","author":"Westman","year":"2025"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-000824"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2014.959910"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.09.068"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2025.58"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X11006789"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r29","first-page":"106201","article-title":"Pozzi G. 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PLoS Curr. 2016:8."},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5973.12106"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r21","first-page":"1301","article-title":"Emergency healthcare workers\u2019 preparedness for disaster management","volume":"30","author":"Almukhlifi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs."},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.827367"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-048792"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1150030"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2023.02.011"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2022.2161594"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-32658-6"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2015.24"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093068"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2021.12.005"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12439"},{"key":"S1935789326104339_r10","unstructured":"10. 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