{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:55:34Z","timestamp":1789707334757,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447113600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":313,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Expert Rev. Mol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Regenerative medicine using patient's own stem cells (SCs) to repair dysfunctional tissues is an attractive approach to complement surgical and pharmacological treatments for aging and degenerative disorders. Recently, dental SCs have drawn much attention owing to their accessibility, plasticity and applicability for regenerative use not only for dental, but also other body tissues. In ophthalmology, there has been increasing interest to differentiate dental pulp SC and periodontal ligament SC (PDLSC) towards ocular lineage. Both can commit to retinal fate expressing eye field transcription factors and generate rhodopsin-positive photoreceptor-like cells. This proposes a novel therapeutic alternative for retinal degeneration diseases. Moreover, as PDLSC shares similar cranial neural crest origin and proteoglycan secretion with corneal stromal keratoctyes and corneal endothelial cells, this offers the possibility of differentiating PDLSC to these corneal cell types. The advance could lead to a shift in the medical management of corneal opacities and endothelial disorders from highly invasive corneal transplantation using limited donor tissue to cell therapy utilizing autologous cells. This article provides an overview of dental SC research and the perspective of utilizing dental SCs for ocular regenerative medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2015.16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T07:07:11Z","timestamp":1447139231000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Dental stem cells: a future asset of ocular cell therapy"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Gary Hin-Fai","family":"Yam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary Swee-Lim","family":"Peh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Singhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bee-Tin","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodhbir S.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref137","first-page":"1984","article-title":"Stem cell markers in human posterior limbus and corneal endothelium of unwounded and wounded corneas","volume":"13","author":"McGowan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecular Vision"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368913X675719"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069009"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028310"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2793"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref144","first-page":"445","article-title":"The development of an experimental tooth bank using deep freeze and tissue culture techniques","volume":"2","author":"Coburn","year":"1966","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Therapeutics and Pharmacology"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.06.032"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.10.055"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.91"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000277724"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2014.01.005"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-11910"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/250740"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt226"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368913X663587"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref109","first-page":"2827","article-title":"Human periodontal ligament stem cells repair mental nerve injury","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neural Regeneration Research"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0979"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402121"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23250"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2337"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2643"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20050101-05","article-title":"Corneal transplants for the treatment of congenital corneal opacities","volume":"42","author":"Michaeli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000126317.90271.d8"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1981.tb00951.x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.01.005"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200610"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22203"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12205"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13045"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2005.00800.x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07828"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2014-0115"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10997"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1100"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008763"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2013.0090"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.04.071"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109305"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.03.017"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.10163FP"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2013.959"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/762695"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.07.002"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.100540"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.2.157"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.24183"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2009.06.005"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/215517910X516673"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07427"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref46","article-title":"Isolation and culture of dental epithelial stem cells from the adult mouse incisor","volume":"87","author":"Chavez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700074"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62516"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509340867"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.021"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-013-1630-x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2004.12.004"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generation of functional organs from stem cells","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Regeneration (London)"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref60","article-title":"Dental pulp stem cells: function, isolation and applications in regenerative medicine","author":"Tatullo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2013.50"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-113"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref53","volume-title":"Embryonic Stem Cells - Differentiation and Pluripotent Alternatives","author":"Laberge","year":"2011"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16627-0"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y2012-115"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004432"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.096537"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.258"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1303829110"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2010.0250"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref29","article-title":"Insulin-producing cells derived from human embryonic stem cells: comparison of definitive endoderm- and nestin-positive progenitor-based differentiation strategies","volume":"8","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/rme.11.77"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058866"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.145"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04372"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0512-6_17"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v6.i5.526"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0691"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0937635100"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039885"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-999-4_9"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.147.1.105"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07314"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0665"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524011313050010"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt74"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds527"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-12-14"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050993"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368914X685069"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2011.10.014"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.130089"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12182"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/103503"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref116","article-title":"Cell therapy of congenital corneal diseases with umbilical mesenchymal stem cells: lumican null mice","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083102"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-004-0043-4"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-011-9279-x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.04.015"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61376-3"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-820-1_17"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06196"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700574"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22933"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2012.07.002"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-012-0923-6"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-014-0091-1"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.10.015"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12111"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.03.111"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2013.0011"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2008.04.039"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06234.x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300539"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.09.023"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.3007"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.12.043"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300195"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.05.005"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182111f01"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref33","volume-title":"Global Data on Visual Impairment 2010","author":"Mariotti","year":"2012"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067546"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60437-1"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3077"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2009.10.005"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.1999.tb00152.x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref72","first-page":"80","article-title":"Human dental pulp-derived stem cells promote locomotor recovery after complete transection of the rat spinal cord by multiple neuro-regenerative mechanisms","volume":"122","author":"Sakai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3057"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000079"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601990103"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4029"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.041937sc"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.020"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/jbiol29"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02031"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007076"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512458123"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2010.11.016"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2012.42.5.249"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.240309797"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01418.x"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref124","article-title":"Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into cells with corneal keratocyte phenotype","volume":"8","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24570"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.03.001"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.176826"},{"key":"S1462399415000162_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.2009.00623.x"}],"container-title":["Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1462399415000162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T04:56:32Z","timestamp":1599800192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1462399415000162\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":144,"alternative-id":["S1462399415000162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/erm.2015.16","relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-3994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-3994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"article-number":"e20"}}