{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:00:43Z","timestamp":1785405643580,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Rev. Mol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Foetomaternal microchimerism establishes a lifelong reciprocal exchange of immune cells that shapes immunity in both mother and offspring. Foetal microchimeric cells (FMc) include CD34\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    progenitors, CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CTLs and Th2-polarized lymphocytes that integrate into maternal bone marrow, spleen and inflamed tissues, promoting peripheral tolerance via Treg (FOXP3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) expansion, CTLA-4 upregulation and IL-10\/TGF-\u03b2 secretion, while inhibiting CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cytotoxicity through clonal deletion and CXCR3 downregulation. Conversely, maternal microchimerism (MMc) transfers memory T cells, CD34\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    HSCs and innate effectors (macrophages, NK cells) to the foetal thymus and lymphoid tissues, driving NIMA-specific Treg differentiation via CNS1-dependent Foxp3 induction and PD-L1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    DC suppression of Th1\/Th17 responses. HLA class II incompatibility, complement (C3\/C5a) and CCL2\/CCR2 signalling coordinate this cellular crosstalk. Clinically, FMc enhances maternal tissue repair and cancer surveillance but increases autoimmune risk in scleroderma and PBC; MMc boosts newborn pathogen resistance and reduces GVHD in NIMA-matched HSCT. This review establishes microchimerism as a crucial regulator of intergenerational immunological homeostasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2026.10061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:04:47Z","timestamp":1782975887000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microchimerism: the hidden cellular dialogue between mother and foetal that shapes lifelong immunity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Dashti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Asadabad School of Medical Sciences"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03w04rv71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Asadabad School of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahtab","family":"Motevasselian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04sfka033","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliyeh","family":"Niazi Moghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Zabihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04sfka033","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8442-0584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajad","family":"Dehnavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04sfka033","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"container-title":["Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1462399426100611","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T07:57:36Z","timestamp":1785311856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1462399426100611\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["S1462399426100611"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/erm.2026.10061","relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-3994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-3994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e35"}}