{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:45:34Z","timestamp":1776379534788,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497312000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":163,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Glob. Ment. Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2054425117000073_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Development disorders and delays are recognised as a public health priority and included in the WHO mental health gap action programme (mhGAP). Parents Skills Training (PST) is recommended as a key intervention for such conditions under the WHO mhGAP intervention guide. However, sustainable and scalable delivery of such evidence based interventions remains a challenge. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and scaled-up implementation of locally adapted WHO PST programme delivered by family volunteers in rural Pakistan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S2054425117000073_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study is a two arm single-blind effectiveness implementation-hybrid cluster randomised controlled trial. WHO PST programme will be delivered by \u2018family volunteers\u2019 to the caregivers of children with developmental disorders and delays in community-based settings. The intervention consists of the WHO PST along with the WHO mhGAP intervention for developmental disorders adapted for delivery using the android application on a tablet device. A total of 540 parent-child dyads will be recruited from 30 clusters. The primary outcome is child's functioning, measured by WHO Disability Assessment Schedule \u2013 child version (WHODAS-Child) at 6 months post intervention. Secondary outcomes include children's social communication and joint engagement with their caregiver, social emotional well-being, parental health related quality of life, family empowerment and stigmatizing experiences. Mixed method will be used to collect data on implementation outcomes. Trial has been retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02792894).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S2054425117000073_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"discussion\"><jats:title>Discussion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study addresses implementation challenges in the real world by incorporating evidence-based intervention strategies with social, technological and business innovations. If proven effective, the study will contribute to scaled-up implementation of evidence-based packages for public mental health in low resource settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S2054425117000073_sec_a4\"><jats:title>Trial registration.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as Family Networks (FaNs) for Children with Developmental Disorders and Delays. Identifier: NCT02792894 Registered on 6 July 2016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/gmh.2017.7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T08:15:03Z","timestamp":1497341703000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["WHO Parents Skills Training (PST) programme for children with developmental disorders and delays delivered by Family Volunteers in rural Pakistan: study protocol for effectiveness implementation hybrid cluster randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"S. 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