{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T22:35:58Z","timestamp":1774650958426,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluation of a mandatory immunization program to increase and sustain high immunization coverage for healthcare personnel (HCP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive study with before-and-after analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as3\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tertiary-care academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as4\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical center HCP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as5\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive mandatory immunization initiative was implemented in 2 phases, starting in July 2014. Key facets of the initiative included a formalized exemption review process, incorporation into institutional quality goals, data feedback, and accountability to support compliance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as6\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both immunization and overall compliance rates with targeted immunizations increased significantly in the years after the implementation period. The influenza immunization rate increased from 80% the year prior to the initiative to &gt;97% for the 3 subsequent influenza seasons (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001). Mumps, measles and varicella vaccination compliance increased from 94% in January 2014 to &gt;99% by January 2017, rubella vaccination compliance increased from 93% to 99.5%, and hepatitis B vaccination compliance from 95% to 99% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001 for all comparisons). An associated positive effect on TB testing compliance, which was not included in the mandatory program, was also noted; it increased from 76% to 92% over the same period (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20012660_as7\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thoughtful, step-wise implementation of a mandatory immunization program linked to professional accountability can be successful in increasing immunization rates as well as overall compliance with policy requirements to cover all recommended HCP immunizations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.1266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T07:17:18Z","timestamp":1604992638000},"page":"513-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Expanding mandatory healthcare personnel immunization beyond influenza: Impact of a broad immunization program with enhanced accountability"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1681-4933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Talbot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Schimmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie D.","family":"Swift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lori A.","family":"Rolando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rochelle T.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jannis","family":"Muscato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sternberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Dubree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula W.","family":"McGown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary I.","family":"Yarbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald B.","family":"Hickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.303953"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref9","unstructured":"9. About healthcare associated infections (HAI). Tennessee Department of Health website. https:\/\/www.tn.gov\/health\/cedep\/hai.html. Accessed April 11, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.05.015"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650752"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/673445"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref5","unstructured":"5. Mandatory immunization of healthcare personnel against influenza and other infectious diseases. Infectious Diseases Society of America website. http:\/\/www.idsociety.org\/hcw_policy\/. Accessed April 11, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref6","unstructured":"6. American Nurses Association makes new recommendation that all nurses should be immunized against vaccine-preventable diseases. Nursing World website. http:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/mainmenucategories\/policy-advocacy\/positions-and-resolutions\/anapositionstatements\/position-statements-alphabetically\/immunizations.html. Published August 20, 2020. Accessed January 3, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6738a2"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref2","first-page":"781","article-title":"Prevention. Influenza vaccination coverage among health-care personnel\u2014United States, 2012\u201313 influenza season","volume":"62","year":"2013","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance of vaccination coverage among adult populations\u2014United States, 2015","volume":"66","author":"Williams","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ 2017"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.09.017","article-title":"Tdap vaccination among healthcare personnel\u201421 states, 2013","volume":"54","author":"O\u2019Halloran","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med 2018"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref3","unstructured":"3. Immunization action coalition. Honor roll for patient safety mandatory influenza vaccination for healthcare workers. Immunize.org website. http:\/\/Www.Immunize.Org\/Honor-Roll\/. Accessed April 11, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref10","first-page":"153","article-title":"Measles outbreak\u2014California, December 2014\u2013February 2015","volume":"64","author":"Zipprich","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref7","unstructured":"7. It\u2019s official: VUMC holds Guinness world record for most vaccinationss. Vanderbilt University website. https:\/\/news.Vanderbilt.edu\/2011\/12\/01\/guinness-vaccination-record-officia\/. Published December 1, 2011. Accessed April 11, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref11","volume-title":"From Front Office to Front Line: Essential Issues for Health Care Leaders","author":"Hickson","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0899823X20012660_ref12","unstructured":"12. Surveillance for healthcare personnel vaccination. Centers for Diesase Control and Prevention website. www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/Acute-Care-Hospital\/HCP-vaccination\/index.html. Accessed on June 3, 2020"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X20012660","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T10:48:41Z","timestamp":1645181321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X20012660\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899823X20012660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2020.1266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}