{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:44:36Z","timestamp":1786999476065,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591315200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as1\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) occur frequently in pediatric inpatients, and they are associated with increased morbidity and cost. Few studies have investigated ambulatory CAUTIs, despite at-risk children utilizing home urinary catheterization. This retrospective cohort and case-control study determined incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric patients with ambulatory CAUTI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as2\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Broad electronic queries identified potential patients with ambulatory urinary catheters, and direct chart review confirmed catheters and adjudicated whether ambulatory CAUTI occurred. CAUTI definitions included clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). Our matched case-control analysis assessed risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as3\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five urban, academic medical centers, part of the New York City Clinical Data Research Network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as4\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Potential patients were age &lt;22 years who were seen between October 2010 and September 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as5\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 3,598 eligible patients were identified; 359 of these used ambulatory catheterization (representing186,616 ambulatory catheter days). Of these, 63 patients (18%) experienced 95 ambulatory CAUTIs. The overall ambulatory CAUTI incidence was 0.51 infections per 1,000 catheter days (1.35 for indwelling catheters and 0.47 for CIC; incidence rate ratio, 2.88). Patients with nonprivate medical insurance (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1\u20136.3) were significantly more likely to have ambulatory CAUTIs in bivariate models but not multivariable models. Also, 45% of ambulatory CAUTI resulted in hospitalization (median duration, 3 days); 5% resulted in intensive care admission; 47% underwent imaging; and 88% were treated with antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20002044_as6\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric ambulatory CAUTIs occur in 18% of patients with catheters; they are associated with morbidity and healthcare utilization. Ambulatory indwelling catheter CAUTI incidence exceeded national inpatient incidence. Future quality improvement research to reduce these harmful infections is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T02:56:21Z","timestamp":1591325781000},"page":"891-899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pediatric ambulatory catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs): Incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1038-3909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael L.","family":"Rinke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzette O.","family":"Oyeku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moonseong","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Saiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Zachariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca E.","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"DeLaMora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Rabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parsa","family":"Mirhaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J. H.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oghale","family":"Obaro-Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Drasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Peshansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly Ann","family":"Balem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Bundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.12.017"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2872"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1742-3"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref34","unstructured":"34. National Healthcare Safety Network. Urinary tract infection (catheter-associated urinary tract infection [CAUTI]). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hai\/ca_uti\/uti.html. Published October 16, 2015. Accessed May 13, 2020."},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref33","unstructured":"33. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/icd\/icd9cm.htm. Published 2015. 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Solutions for Patient Safety website. https:\/\/www.solutionsforpatientsafety.org\/our-results\/. Published 2018. Accessed June 17, 2019."},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.031"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001884"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(00)90015-4"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-26-1-61"},{"key":"S0899823X20002044_ref7","unstructured":"7. Scott, RD . The direct medical costs of healthcare-associated infections in US hospitals and the benefits of prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/HAI\/pdfs\/hai\/Scott_CostPaper.pdf. Published 2009. 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All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}