{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:47:51Z","timestamp":1778744871522,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585094400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as1\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the utility of tracheal aspirates in suspected pneumonia in intubated neonates and to measure the burden of antibiotic use associated with a positive tracheal aspirate culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as2\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study between January 2016 and December 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as3\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as4\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intubated patients with a tracheal aspirate culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as5\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on temporally associated clinical measures of illness, laboratory and radiographic testing, and clinical demographic information were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as6\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive tracheal aspirate cultures were associated with lower birth weight and a normal immature to total neutrophil ratio (I\/T ratio). Positive tracheal aspirates were not significantly associated with clinical, laboratory, or radiographic markers used in clinical practice to screen for infection. Despite the lack of positive clinical associations, a positive tracheal aspirate culture was associated with increased risk of prolonged antibiotic exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X20000574_as7\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that positive tracheal aspirates do not always represent clinical infection and may result in unnecessary antibiotic exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.57","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T07:23:21Z","timestamp":1585121001000},"page":"660-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Lack of utility of tracheal aspirates in the management of suspected pneumonia in intubated neonates"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Seth J.","family":"Langston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neema","family":"Pithia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung Shin","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meena","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"de St Maurice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1324-1439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.6.1283"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2011.12.003"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.58.6.816","article-title":"Endotracheal intubation and its relationship to bacterial colonization and systemic infection of newborn infants","volume":"58","author":"Harris","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep31023"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2011.02041.x"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.16-5-e297"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3409"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PCC.0000090290.53959.F4"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025959"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2012.06.008"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref10","first-page":"14","article-title":"Molecular analysis of endotracheal tube biofilms and tracheal aspirates in the pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"4","author":"Leroue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Pediatr Res"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000716"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31825691e4"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00041-06"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.15-6-e225"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.20-3-e145"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.277"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref7","first-page":"421","article-title":"Comparison of endotracheal aspiration and mini-BAL culture results in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"46","author":"Artuk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mikrobiyol Bul"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31002-4"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2009.33"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref18","first-page":"300","article-title":"The lack of specificity of tracheal aspirates in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection in intubated children","volume":"15","author":"Wilson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1248"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1721727X16646787"},{"key":"S0899823X20000574_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15591-8"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; 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