{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T06:37:01Z","timestamp":1781073421357,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2100430X_as1\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the incidence of seasonal respiratory viral infections (s-RVIs) before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to compare virus-specific patient outcomes in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2100430X_as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cross-sectional study including patient admissions to the Children\u2019s National Hospital between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2100430X_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 12,451 patient admissions between March 15 and December 31, 2020 (cohort 1), 8,162 (66%) were tested for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and 249 (2.0%) were positive. Among 10,986 patient admissions between April 1 and December 31, 2020 (cohort 2), 844 (8%) were tested for s-RV upon admission and 160 were positive. Thus, 1.5% of patient admissions were associated with laboratory-confirmed s-RVIs. Among the 49,901 patient admissions during a viral season between October 1, 2015, and March 31, 2020 (cohort 3), 7,539 (15%) were tested for s-RV upon admission and 4,531 were positive; thus, 9.0% of patient admissions were associated with laboratory-confirmed s-RVIs. hHRV\/rENT was the most detected virus, but the detection rate decreased substantially (31% vs 18%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001) during the COVID-19 pandemic. No patients had RSV, influenza, hMPV, hPIV, or hCoV detected upon admission after April 21, 2020. The 3 patient cohorts had no statistically significant difference in the percentage of ICU admissions (10.8% vs 15.0% vs 14.2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; .05) or death at discharge (0.8% vs 0.6% vs 0.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; .05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2100430X_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to COVID-19, s-RVI cases were associated with a higher proportion of inpatient admissions but were similar in ICU admission and death rates in hospitalized pediatric patients. Public health interventions for preventing COVID-19 were highly effective in preventing pediatrics s-RVIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2021.430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T07:51:44Z","timestamp":1633420304000},"page":"1454-1458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Common seasonal respiratory viral infections in children before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4907-0566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Delaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul K.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Wessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta L.","family":"DeBiasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy866"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b3675"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1309"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-589"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.20495"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S188","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000144660.53024.64","article-title":"Epidemiology of respiratory infections in young children: insights from the new vaccine surveillance network","volume":"11","author":"Griffin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/511821"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804877","article-title":"The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children","volume":"360","author":"Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.007"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.1758"},{"key":"S0899823X2100430X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12629"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X2100430X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T13:25:21Z","timestamp":1666272321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X2100430X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899823X2100430X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2021.430","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}