{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T06:36:42Z","timestamp":1759991802799,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22001817_as1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalizations among skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents in Detroit increased in mid-March 2020 due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Outbreak response teams were deployed from local healthcare systems, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Detroit Health Department (DHD) to understand the infection prevention and control (IPC) gaps in SNFs that may have accelerated the outbreak.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22001817_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted 2 point-prevalence surveys (PPS-1 and PPS-2) at 13 Detroit SNFs from April 8 to May 8, 2020. The DHD and partners conducted facility-wide severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of all residents and staff and collected information regarding resident cohorting, staff cohorting, and personnel protective equipment (PPE) utilized during that time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22001817_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resident cohorting had been implemented in 7 of 13 (58.3%) SNFs prior to point-prevalence survey 1 (PPS-1), and other facilities initiated cohorting after obtaining PPS-1 results. Cohorting protocols of healthcare practitioners and environmental service staff were not established in 4 (31%) of 13 facilities, and in 3 facilities (23.1%) the ancillary staff were not assigned to cohorts. Also, 2 SNFs (15%) had an observation unit prior to PPS-1, 2 (15%) had an observation unit after PPS-1, 4 (31%) could not establish an observation unit due to inadequate space, and 5 (38.4%) created an observation unit after PPS-2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22001817_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>On-site consultations identified gaps in IPC knowledge and cohorting that may have contributed to ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among SNF residents despite aggressive testing measures. Infection preventionists (IPs) are critical in guiding ongoing IPC practices in SNFs to reduce spread of COVID-19 through response and prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2022.181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T07:40:12Z","timestamp":1660117212000},"page":"915-919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pandemic response gaps: Infection prevention and control lessons learned during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in skilled nursing facilities in Detroit, Michigan"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0880-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avnish","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan Micah F.","family":"Polistico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica P.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Kiama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Lebednick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Prentiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helina","family":"Misikir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Zervos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Kilgore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus J.","family":"Zervos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren R.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najibah K.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Maples","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1185-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teena","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229911"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref8","unstructured":"8. Clinical care guidance for healthcare professionals about coronavirus (COVID-19). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/hcp\/clinical-care.html. Accessed May 27, 2020."},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.03.001"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref1","unstructured":"1. Preparing COVID-19 in nursing homes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/hcp\/long-term-care.html. Published 2020. Accessed May 27, 2020."},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-020-0280-y"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.03.009"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16784"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.04.007"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-021-00531-2"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref4","unstructured":"4. Toolkit on state actions to mitigate COVID-19 prevalence in nursing homes. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services website. https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/files\/document\/covid-toolkit-states-mitigate-covid-19-nursing-homes.pdf. Published 2020. Accessed May 29, 2020."},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6927e1"},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref5","unstructured":"5. Interim infection prevention and control recommendations to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread in nursing homes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/hcp\/long-term-care.html. Accessed June 6, 2022."},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref6","unstructured":"6. Detroit gets CDC help in the nursing home coronavirus fight. Crain\u2019s Detroit Business website. https:\/\/www.crainsdetroit.com\/coronavirus\/detroit-gets-cdc-help-nursing-home-coronavirus-fight-140-organizations-sign-employee. Published April 21, 2020. Accessed May 27, 2020."},{"key":"S0899823X22001817_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01803-5"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X22001817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T09:53:32Z","timestamp":1715162012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X22001817\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899823X22001817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2022.181","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0899-823X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1559-6834"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}