{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:24:04Z","timestamp":1784780644737,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22000721_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Optimizing needleless connector hub disinfection practice is a key strategy in central-line\u2013associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) prevention. In this mixed-methods evaluation, 3 products with varying scrub times were tested for experimental disinfection followed by a qualitative nursing assessment of each.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22000721_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Needleless connectors were inoculated with varying concentrations of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> followed by disinfection with a 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) wipe (a 15-second scrub time and a 15-second dry time), a 70% IPA cap (a 10-second scrub time and a 5-second dry time), or a 3.15% chlorhexidine gluconate with 70% IPA (CHG\/IPA) wipe (a 5-second scrub time and a 5-second dry time). Cultures of needleless connectors were obtained after disinfection to quantify bacterial reduction. This was followed by surveying a convenience sample of nursing staff with intensive care unit assignments at an academic tertiary hospital on use of each product.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22000721_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>All products reduced overall bacterial burden when compared to sterile water controls, however the IPA and CHG\/IPA wipes were superior to the IPA caps when product efficacy was compared. Nursing staff noted improved compliance with CHG\/IPA wipes compared with the IPA wipes and the IPA caps, with many preferring the lesser scrub and dry times required for disinfection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X22000721_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Achieving adequate bacterial disinfection of needleless connectors while maximizing healthcare staff compliance with scrub and dry times may be best achieved with a combination CHG\/IPA wipe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2022.72","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T07:53:59Z","timestamp":1649318039000},"page":"230-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A mixed-methods evaluation on the efficacy and perceptions of needleless connector disinfectants"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7348-6716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott C.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5946-8335","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"II","given":"Curtis A.","family":"Hendrix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Feinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard A.","family":"Martinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6829-7213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2019.11.030"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073110520979371"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.10.018"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312118822927"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.330"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref2","volume-title":"Needleless valve ports may be associated with a high rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection. Abstract 307","author":"Karchmer","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0899823X22000721_ref1","first-page":"796762","article-title":"Disinfection of needleless connector hubs: clinical evidence systematic review","volume":"2015","author":"Moureau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Res Pract"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X22000721","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:04:24Z","timestamp":1698753864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X22000721\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899823X22000721"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2022.72","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}