{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T02:46:57Z","timestamp":1776394017402,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752710400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) result in substantial patient harm and avoidable costs. Pay-for-performance programs (PFP) through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have resulted in reductions of HAIs like central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) and methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacteremia, through robust infection prevention programs and practices. Hospital Onset Bacteremia and Fungemia (HOB) is proposed as an alternative quality measure for public reporting and PFP, and was endorsed by the National Quality Forum in 2022. This broad measure is designed as an electronic quality measure that avoids manual abstraction and excludes risk adjustment. HOB would substantially expand the scope of focus of existing bloodstream infection measurement, and is currently being considered for voluntary reporting in 2025. In this article, we provide arguments for and against adopting HOB as a PFP measure linked to CMS payments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2025.10216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T08:15:58Z","timestamp":1752740158000},"page":"874-879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hospital onset bacteremia and fungemia should be a pay-for performance measure: a pro\/con debate"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9030-4224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Schrank","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1535-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theresa","family":"Madaline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab937"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref10","unstructured":"10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2023 National and State Healthcare-Associated Infections Progress Report. 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthcare-associated-infections\/php\/data\/progress-report.html#cdc_report_pub_study_section_2-data-highlights."},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2024.1840"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01157-10"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref4","unstructured":"4. Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program. 2024. https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare\/payment\/prospective-payment-systems\/acute-inpatient-pps\/hospital-acquired-condition-reduction-program-hacrp."},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01667-24"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13319"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.02.032"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1637"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.03.025"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.12.012"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2023.132"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Performance of a large language model for identifying central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) using real clinical notes","volume":"46","author":"Rodriguez-Nava","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2023.143"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.9700"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.54738"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae631.608"},{"key":"S0899823X2510216X_ref11","unstructured":"11. 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}