{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:12:21Z","timestamp":1788873141532,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-use supplies stored in bedside supply carts with paper packaging cannot be wiped with disinfectants. We aimed to determine the prevalence of pathogens on these unused supplies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective study over 7 weeks in 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two pediatric ICUs at a university affiliated children\u2019s hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The unit of analysis was the bedside supply cart from each discharged ICU patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One swab was used to swab three supply items contained in a single drawer in a room\u2019s bedside cart. Carts had two drawers sampled, each with a swab for bacterial culture and respiratory viral nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as6\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Paper-packaged supply items (n = 840) from 70 consecutive bedside carts were swabbed after patient discharge. All bacterial swabs had no growth of pathogen [0\/140 (0%), 95% CI 0%, 2.3%)]. A non-pathogen was cultured from 8\/140 (5.7%) swabs [7\/70 (10.0%) carts], most with scant growth [7\/8 (87.5%) only one colony]. Non-pathogens (common commensal skin and oral flora) included coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 5),\n                      <jats:italic>Actinomyces oris<\/jats:italic>\n                      (n = 1), aerobic spore-forming\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (n = 1), and viridans group streptococcus [non-anginosus] (n = 1). Of viral swabs, 3\/140 (2.1%, 95% CI 0.5%, 6.4%) were NAAT positive (3\/70 (4.3%) carts). Room isolation status, length of stay, and ICU were not associated with a positive bacterial or viral swab.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X26105054_as7\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacterial pathogen detection on supplies, a necessary step in transmission, was extremely low. Viral NAAT detection on supplies was low and likely exaggerated the risk of fomite transmission, as whether there was viable virus at sufficient concentration to transmit infection is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2026.10505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:12:45Z","timestamp":1784005965000},"page":"901-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PATHogen PREValence on paper-packaged supplies in PICU bedside supply carts: the PATH-PREV study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4735-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shellie","family":"Severson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05w90nk74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1355-2815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathy","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0160cpw27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Alberta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6370-4064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05w90nk74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberley","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4583-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ari R.","family":"Joffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05w90nk74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0160cpw27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Alberta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X26105054_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/588566"},{"key":"S0899823X26105054_ref30","unstructured":"30. 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}