{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T08:07:14Z","timestamp":1789978034509,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the association between neighborhood-level social vulnerability and risk of surgical site infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2019-December 31, 2024<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Large academic hospital in the Deep South<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients undergoing NHSN-defined procedures by CPT coding (coronary artery bypass graft, colon surgery, craniotomy, spinal fusion, hip prosthesis, knee prosthesis, or abdominal hysterectomy) were included. Social vulnerability index (SVI) percentile and themes were defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria and assigned based on residential ZIP code.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was development of SSI. Cox proportional hazards models stratified by SSI surveillance duration (30 or 90 days) were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as6\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 40,954 surgeries, 26,067 patients (63.7%) resided in high SVI ZIP codes. The risk of SSI increased across SVI tertiles (low 1.5%, medium 2.2%, high 2.4%). Compared with those in low SVI tertile, SSI risk was higher for patients in the medium-SVI (aHR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03\u20131.92) and high-SVI tertile (aHR 1.49, 95% CI 1.10\u20132.01). Higher SVI socioeconomic status was associated with increased SSI risk (aHR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.64) and higher housing and transportation vulnerability was associated with increased deep incisional and organ space SSI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0899823X2610539X_as7\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher neighborhood-level SVI was independently associated with increased risk of SSI across a broad surgical population in the South. Incorporating SVI into preoperative risk assessment may allow targeted infection prevention strategies for hospitals to address barriers to care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2026.10539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T07:44:06Z","timestamp":1789976646000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between social vulnerability and surgical site infection across surgical procedures"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9921-2924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Molly E.","family":"Fleece","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008s83205","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5004-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell L.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7978-8993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reid M.","family":"Eagleson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008s83205","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary M.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiney","family":"Isaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-0315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catina L.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4945-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allyson G.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Health Professions"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9701-8156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008s83205","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005506"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2025.3020"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-023-00824-9"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.12.032"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004521"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2025.52"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004691"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref4","unstructured":"4. 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Surgical Site Infection. 2026. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/pdfs\/pscmanual\/9pscssicurrent.pdf. Accessed January 7, 2026."},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-024-03913-x"},{"key":"S0899823X2610539X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2022.03.010"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X2610539X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T07:44:09Z","timestamp":1789976649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X2610539X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0899823X2610539X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2026.10539","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}