{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:55:43Z","timestamp":1790229343052,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ir. j. psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gaming disorder is set to be included in the <jats:italic>International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems<\/jats:italic> alongside other behavioural addictions (gambling disorder) and substance-related addictions. Given the popularity of online gaming, this is set to become an increasingly common presentation to general mental health professionals, addiction specialists, and general practitioners. This article briefly examines online gaming and describes the characteristics of gaming disorder. Some features of online gaming that have addictive potential and similarities to other addictive behaviours such as gambling disorder are discussed. Finally, the article examines treatment options available for gaming disorder and treatment going forward from an Irish perspective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2019.31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T07:18:03Z","timestamp":1564643883000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Online gaming and gaming disorder: more than just a trivial pursuit"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3933-9389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Columb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"O\u2019Gara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.03.023"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2559"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019932"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020023"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1353"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2341"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref1","unstructured":"Agarwal, P (2017). Economics of Microtransactions in Video Games. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.intelligenteconomist.com\/economics-of-microtransactions\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-017-9825-0"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref63","unstructured":"WePC (2019). 2019 Video Game Industry Statistics, Trends & Data. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.wepc.com\/news\/video-game-statistics\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2012.06.001"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16066359.2017.1305360"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.039"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref8","unstructured":"Cocking, S (2018). Will 2018 be the year that Ireland finally embraces eSports? Retrieved from https:\/\/irishtechnews.ie\/will-2018-be-the-year-that-ireland-finally-embraces-esports\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.06.010"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref54","first-page":"189","article-title":"EEG, HRV and Psychological Correlates while Playing Bejeweled II: a randomized controlled study","volume":"144","author":"Russoniello","year":"2009","journal-title":"Studies in Health Technology And Informatics"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-011-9318-5"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref10","unstructured":"Duverge, G (2016). Insert More Coins: The Psychology Behind Microtransactions. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.tuw.edu\/content\/psychology\/psychology-behind-microtransactions\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref33","unstructured":"Irish Legal (2018). Government shies away from crackdown on \u2018loot box\u2019 games. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.irishlegal.com\/article\/government-shies-away-from-crackdown-on-loot-box-games"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref52","unstructured":"Rouse, M (2018). Loot box. Retrieved from https:\/\/whatis.techtarget.com\/definition\/loot-box"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref43","unstructured":"Makuch, E (2018). Activision Blizzard made $4 billion on microtransactions last year. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.gamespot.com\/articles\/activision-blizzard-made-4-billion-on-microtransac\/1100-6456669\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206767"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2017.64"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12429"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref27","first-page":"59","article-title":"The psychosocial impact of professional gambling, professional video gaming and eSports","volume":"28","author":"Griffiths","year":"2017","journal-title":"Casino and Gaming International"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref45","unstructured":"Mobile Marketing Association (2015). Myth busting: mobile gaming demographics. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.mmaglobal.com\/research\/myth-busting-mobile-gaming-demographics"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.045"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref17","unstructured":"GamesIndustry International (2004). Blizzard Entertainment Announces World Of Warcraft \u201cStreet Date\u201d. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.gamesindustry.biz\/articles\/blizzard-entertainment-announces-world-of-warcraft-street-date-november-23-2004"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040668"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12532"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_67_16"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/glr2.2018.2216"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483387765"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref65","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (11th Revision) \u2013 6C51 Gaming Disorder. Retrieved from https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en#\/http:\/\/id.who.int\/icd\/entity\/1448597234"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1354856514567052"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref35","unstructured":"Kelleher, L (2019, February 17). Irish psychiatrists treating children for \u2018gaming disorder. Irish Independent. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.independent.ie\/business\/technology\/tech-gaming\/irish-psychiatrists-treating-children-for-gaming-disorder-37823351.html"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref5","unstructured":"Chalk, A (2018). Fortnite passes PUBG with 3.4 million concurrent players. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.pcgamer.com\/fortnite-passes-pubg-with-34-million-concurrent-players\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref24","first-page":"47","article-title":"The educational benefits of videogames","volume":"20","author":"Griffiths","year":"2002","journal-title":"Education and Health"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2009.0082"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2015.03.002"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000315"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5\u00ae)","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-018-9763-1"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.080"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.491884"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref58","unstructured":"Stephenson, B (2018). Twitch: everything you need to know. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.lifewire.com\/what-is-twitch-4143337"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-017-9845-9"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref25","first-page":"3","article-title":"Online computer gaming: advice for parents and teachers","volume":"27","author":"Griffiths","year":"2009","journal-title":"Education and Health"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-016-9633-7"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02340.x"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref15","unstructured":"Fuller, S (2018). eSports market \u2013 Statistics & Facts. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.statista.com\/topics\/3121\/esports-market\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-04-2016-0085"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref4","unstructured":"Batchelor, J (2018). Games industry generated $108.4bn in revenues in 2017. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.gamesindustry.biz\/articles\/2018-01-31-games-industry-generated-usd108-4bn-in-revenues-in-2017"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref40","first-page":"34","article-title":"The role of chips in poker gambling: an empirical pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Lapuz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gambling Research: Journal of the National Association for Gambling Studies (Australia)"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3134"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.772"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.75"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.12.031"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.04.024"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-009-9206-4"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref68","unstructured":"Zagal, JP , Bj\u00f6rk, S , Lewis, C (2013). Dark patterns in the design of games. In Foundations of Digital Games. Retrieved April 12, 2019, from http:\/\/www.diva-portal.org\/smash\/get\/diva2:1043332\/FULLTEXT01.pdf"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref42","unstructured":"MacDonald, K (2018). Belgium is right to class video game loot boxes as child gambling. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/games\/2018\/apr\/26\/belgium-is-right-to-legislate-against-video-game-loot-boxes"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/JBA.3.2014.013"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.111"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2011.0308"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15010040"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-009-9229-x"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-017-0162-y"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref16","unstructured":"Gambling Commission (2017). Loot boxes within video games. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk\/news-action-and-statistics\/news\/2017\/Loot-boxes-within-video-games.aspx"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref64","unstructured":"Wijman, T (2018). Mobile revenues account for more than 50% of the Global Games Market as it reaches $137.9 billion in 2018. Retrieved from https:\/\/newzoo.com\/"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034857"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028446"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.11.045"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1991.10543298"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2015.11.005"},{"key":"S0790966719000314_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.04.002"}],"container-title":["Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0790966719000314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T04:10:05Z","timestamp":1646280605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0790966719000314\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0790966719000314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ipm.2019.31","relation":{},"ISSN":["0790-9667","2051-6967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0790-9667","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-6967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 College of Psychiatrists of Ireland 2019\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}