{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T19:32:31Z","timestamp":1774467151195,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ir. j. psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0790966720000750_as1\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with established anxiety disorders during a period of stringent mandated social restrictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0790966720000750_as2\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 individuals attending the Galway-Roscommon Mental Health Services with an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis of an anxiety disorder to determine the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on anxiety and mood symptoms, social and occupational functioning and quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0790966720000750_as3\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve (40.0%) participants described COVID-19 restrictions as having a deleterious impact on their anxiety symptoms. Likert scale measurements noted that the greatest impact of COVID-19 related to social functioning (mean = 4.5, SD = 2.9), with a modest deleterious effect on anxiety symptoms noted (mean = 3.8, SD = 2.9). Clinician rated data noted that 8 (26.7%) participants had disimproved and 14 (46.7%) participants had improved since their previous clinical review, prior to commencement of COVID-19 restrictions. Conditions associated with no \u2018trigger\u2019, such as generalised anxiety disorder, demonstrated a non-significant increase in anxiety symptoms compared to conditions with a \u2018trigger\u2019, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatric or physical comorbidity did not substantially impact on symptomatology secondary to COVID-19 mandated restrictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0790966720000750_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The psychological and social impact of COVID-19 restrictions on individuals with pre-existing anxiety disorders has been modest with only minimal increases in symptomatology or social impairment noted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2020.75","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T04:15:08Z","timestamp":1591589708000},"page":"123-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with pre-existing anxiety disorders attending secondary care"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2322-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Plunkett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1661-5192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Hallahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref16","volume-title":"ICD-10: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems: Tenth Revision","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.04.018"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2010.12.2\/dmurphy","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder and its related disorders: a reappraisal of obsessive-compulsive spectrum concepts","volume":"12","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(95)71666-8"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2020.86"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa110"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref14","volume-title":"The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak of Infectious Disease","author":"Taylor","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1600236"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref20","first-page":"218","volume-title":"Clinical Global Impressions, ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, revised","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0790966720000750_ref17","unstructured":"WHO Outbreak Communication Guidelines (2020). 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