{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:39:26Z","timestamp":1793392766437,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":288,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Law. Med. Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As both human longevity and diagnostic ability improve, more individuals are being diagnosed with Alzheimer\u2019s dementia disease (Alzheimer\u2019s). Yet there is a paucity of new Alzheimer\u2019s research trials. One obstacle to research is the large number of Alzheimer\u2019s patients deemed incapable of providing informed consent for clinical research. Research advance directives (RADs) offer patients the opportunity to provide informed consent before incapacity occurs. However, critics question whether RADs guarantee informed consent, claiming that due to the nature of the disease, the consenting agent is no longer the same person after becoming incapacitated. This paper assesses the debate while using a conception of personhood, informed by the latest Alzheimer\u2019s research, which does not reduce the concept of personhood to psychological capacities. It explains how personal identity can persist despite Alzheimer\u2019s, such that RADs can and should suffice for informed consent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/jme.2025.10185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T08:24:01Z","timestamp":1760603041000},"page":"502-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Research Advance Directives: Ethical Implications for Persons with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and for the Families of Elderly Dementia Patients"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Dean Evan","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0190ak572","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"NYU"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S107311052510185X_r50","unstructured":"50. 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Wilkinson, \u201cThe Harm Principle,\u201d at 395."},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.12.2389"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r55","unstructured":"55. The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition, ed. Lawrence A. Shapiro and Shannon L. Spaulding\u00a0(Routledge, 2024)."},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733007080206"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-020-01691-7"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680409700902"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195168655.003.0059"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108131643.002"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301212444053"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r42","unstructured":"42. See Dresser, \u201cDworkin on Dementia.\u201d"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r19","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"House","year":"2024"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2011.01.012"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3527839"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-2527(96)00001-5"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r29","unstructured":"29. See Kim, \u201cThe Ethics of Informed Consent in Alzheimer Disease Research,\u201d at 410\u2013414."},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/174701610800400205"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X0000502X"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X04002375"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.5.712"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2006.09.002"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1317334"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r23","first-page":"513","volume-title":"Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics","author":"Hurst","year":"2011"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.1552"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r1","unstructured":"1. 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See Kontos, \u201cEthnographic Reflections on Selfhood, Embodiment and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease.\u201d"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r17","article-title":"Recruitment Methods and Yield Rates for a Multisite Clinical Trial Exploring Risk Reduction for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (RRAD)","volume":"9","author":"Szabo\u2010Reed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.702"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r3","volume-title":"Life\u2019s dominion: An argument about abortion and euthanasia","author":"Dworkin","year":"1993"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r41","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Rethinking Life and Death: The Collapse of Our Traditional Ethics","author":"Singer","year":"1995"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301205058304"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r8","first-page":"345","article-title":"Constructing Competence: Formulating Standards of Legal Competence to Make Medical Decisions","volume":"48","author":"Berg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rutgers Law Review"},{"key":"S107311052510185X_r20","unstructured":"20. 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