{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:41:42Z","timestamp":1792395702677,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020118","name":"Stoneleigh Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020118","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Law. Med. Ethics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) help survivors of violent injury to return to physical, psychological, financial, and social health by addressing a broad range of social determinants of health and reducing the risk of future injury. This work requires connections to a range of providers and services, which often requires the sharing of patient health information. While HIPAA gives providers more discretion to share information to address health-related social needs and care coordination than many providers realize, patients can and should be the ones deciding what health information is shared, with whom it is shared, and under what circumstances. Providers, patients, and programs like HVIPs would benefit from greater clarity on appropriate information-sharing practices. In this article, we consider the real and perceived barriers to information sharing to address social needs and we make recommendations for practice, research, and policy to improve how patient information is shared to address social needs, with relevance for a wide range of interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/jme.2026.10288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:00:25Z","timestamp":1792393225000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Navigating Health Information Sharing to Address Social Needs: Practice, Research, and Policy Recommendations from Hospital-Based Violence Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"given":"Lara","family":"Cartwright-Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00y4zzh67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Abaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Alliance for Violence Intervention"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00b30xv10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1073110526102885_r10","unstructured":"10. Abaya, Ruth and Cartwright-Smith, Lara , Navigating Information Sharing and Privacy in HVIPs: Considerations for Effective Implementation of Community Violence Intervention (Health Alliance for Violence Intervention; Kaiser Permanente Center for Gun Violence Research and Education; Stoneleigh Foundation, 2026), https:\/\/kpcenterforgunviolenceresearch.org\/materials\/."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r9","unstructured":"9. E.g., \u201cWhat is CIE?\u201d CIE San Diego, https:\/\/ciesandiego.org\/what-is-cie\/ (last visited July 16, 2025)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r25","unstructured":"25. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 164.524(a)(1) \u2013 (a)(3)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r19","unstructured":"19. Health Information Privacy: Understanding Some of HIPAA\u2019s Permitted Uses and Disclosures (Office for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services), https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hipaa\/for-professionals\/privacy\/guidance\/permitted-uses\/index.html (last visited June 18, 2025)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r21","unstructured":"21. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 164.501."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r28","volume-title":"U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Cross-Sector Data Sharing to Address Health-Related Social Needs: Lessons Learned from the Accountable Health Communities Model","year":"2022"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r6","unstructured":"6. E.g., Medicaid 1115 waivers to address health-related social needs, the Accountable Health Communities Model."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r20","unstructured":"20. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 164.50."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r17","unstructured":"17. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 160.103."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r18","unstructured":"18. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 164.514(b)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r2","unstructured":"2. HAVI, Membership Directory, https:\/\/www.thehavi.org\/havi-membership-directory (last visited March 16, 2026)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r11","unstructured":"11. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), 42 U.S.C. \u00a7 1320d, et seq. This article will reference the HIPAA Privacy Rule as \u201cHIPAA\u201d throughout for simplicity and to be consistent with the federal guidance documents referenced."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-021-00687-3"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r24","unstructured":"24. Health Information Privacy, \u201cDoes HIPAA permit health care providers to share protected health information (PHI) about an individual with mental illness with a third party that is not a health care provider for continuity of care purposes? For example, can a health care provider refer a homeless patient to a social services agency, such as a housing provider, when doing so may reveal that the basis for eligibility is related to mental health?\u201d"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000409"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r16","unstructured":"16. HIPAA Rules include the Privacy Rule (45 C.F.R. pt. 160 and pt. 164 subpts. A and E), Security Rule (45 CFR pt. 160 and pt. 164 supbts. A and C), Enforcement Rule (45 CFR pt. 160, subpts. C, D, and E) and Breach Notification Rule (45 CFR \u00a7 164.400-414)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r23","unstructured":"23. Health Information Privacy, \u201cDoes HIPAA permit health care providers to share protected health information (PHI) about an individual with mental illness with a third party that is not a health care provider for continuity of care purposes? For example, can a health care provider refer a homeless patient to a social services agency, such as a housing provider, when doing so may reveal that the basis for eligibility is related to mental health?,\u201d U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hipaa\/for-professionals\/faq\/3008\/does-hipaa-permit-health-care-providers-share-phi-individual-mental-illness-third-party-not-health-care-provider-continuity-care-purposes\/index.html (last visited June 18, 2025)"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r7","unstructured":"7. National Center for Medical-Legal Partnership, \u201cMedical-Legal Partnership FAQ,\u201d https:\/\/medical-legalpartnership.org\/about-us\/faq (last visited June 19, 2025)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r29","unstructured":"29. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 164.508(c)(1)(iii)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r31","unstructured":"31. Proposed Modifications to the HIPAA Privacy Rule to Support, and Remove Barriers to, Coordinated Care and Individual Engagement, 86 Fed. Reg. 6468 (January 21, 2021)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r30","unstructured":"30. 42 C.F.R. \u00a7 2.31."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-25-01678"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r32","unstructured":"32. \u201cProposed Modifications to the HIPAA Privacy Rule,\u201d at 6476."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r26","unstructured":"26. For programs that handle substance use treatment information, 42 C.F.R. pt. 2 imposes additional restrictions on the uses and disclosures of such information from substance use treatment programs. However, the law does not prohibit Part 2 program patients from copying their own records (42 C.F.R \u00a7 2.23). Part 2 providers that are also HIPAA covered entities must comply with HIPAA\u2019s patient right of access."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107207"},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r13","unstructured":"13. Abaya and Cartwright-Smith, Navigating Information Sharing, at 10."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r8","unstructured":"8. E.g., Executive Summary: California\u2019s Health and Human Services Data Exchange Framework (California Health and Human Services Agency, July 2022), https:\/\/www.chhs.ca.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Executive-Summary_DxF_7.1.22.pdf (last visited June 18, 2025)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r15","unstructured":"15. Abaya and Cartwright-Smith, Navigating Information Sharing, at 10."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r14","unstructured":"14. Abaya and Cartwright-Smith, Navigating Information Sharing, at 8."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r27","unstructured":"27. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 pt.160, subpt. B."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r22","unstructured":"22. 45 C.F.R. \u00a7 160.203; Health Information Privacy, \u201cDoes HIPAA permit health care providers to share protected health information (PHI) about an individual who has mental illness with other health care providers who are treating the same individual for care coordination\/continuity of care purposes?,\u201d U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hipaa\/for-professionals\/faq\/3007\/when-does-hipaa-allow-hospital-notify-individuals-family-friends-caregivers-patient-hospitalized-psychiatric-hold-been-admitted-discharged\/index.html (last visited June 18, 2025)."},{"key":"S1073110526102885_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.05.029"}],"container-title":["Journal of Law, Medicine &amp; Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1073110526102885","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:00:30Z","timestamp":1792393230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1073110526102885\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S1073110526102885"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/jme.2026.10288","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-1105","1748-720X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-720X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]}}}