{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:58:55Z","timestamp":1792187935586,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":354,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nutr Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    India is coming to grips with a stage of nutrition transition. According to the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), preventable micronutrient deficiency is arising public health precedence in India. However, the foremost public health concern is the lack of national prevalence data. The present study was carried out to estimate the pooled age-wise prevalence of six preventable micronutrient deficiencies (vitamin A, vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    , vitamin D, iron, iodine and folic acid) in India. A systematic review was carried out on PubMed and Global Index Medicus databases using the Boolean search strategy. Statistical analyses were done using R software, version 3.6. 2. PRISMA guidelines were strictly adhered to during the review. A preliminary literature search yielded 4302 articles; however, 270 original research articles were found eligible to be included in quantitative synthesis. The estimated overall prevalence was 17 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0\u22c507, 0\u22c526] for iodine deficiency, 37 % (95 % CI 0\u22c527, 0\u22c546) for folic acid deficiency, 54 % (95 % CI 0\u22c549, 0\u22c559) for iron deficiency, 53 % (95 % CI 0\u22c541, 0\u22c564) for vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    deficiency, 19 % (95 % CI 0\u22c509, 0\u22c529) for vitamin A deficiency and 61 % (95 % CI 0\u22c507, 0\u22c526) for vitamin D with high heterogeneity. We classified the population into infants (0\u20135 years), adolescents (&lt;18 years), adults (&gt;18 years) and pregnant women. Iron deficiency was most prevalent (61 %) in pregnant women. The results of the present study reinforce the data on micronutrient deficiency in India and warrant the immediate need for further active public health interventions to address these deficiencies. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020205043).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2021.102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T01:13:51Z","timestamp":1640049231000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Micronutrient's deficiency in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8059-9364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U.","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6822-4946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akash","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2977-8484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Velmurugan A.","family":"Ananthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padmavathi","family":"Subbiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Durga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"CSIR Summer Research training team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650602700405"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_122_19"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516001598"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2010.10719825"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.112623"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_372_16","article-title":"Past, present, and future of iodine deficiency disorders in India: need to look outside the blinkers","volume":"6","author":"Kaur","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-0954-6"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32804-0"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref17","first-page":"16","article-title":"Exploring PubMed as a reliable resource for scholarly communications services","volume":"107","author":"Williamson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Libr Assoc"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-019-1558-7"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref11","unstructured":"11. Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) 2016-2018 (2019) https:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/l892s\/1405796031571201348.pdf (accessed April 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref14","unstructured":"14. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (2021) https:\/\/fssai.gov.in\/ (accessed April 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6020729","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in India: prevalence, causalities and interventions","volume":"6","author":"Ritu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_78_18","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in India","volume":"7","author":"Aparna","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1807_18","article-title":"Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in India and way forward","volume":"148","author":"Kamboj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nzy039","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzy039","article-title":"Global nutrition","volume":"2","author":"Perumal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.818527"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2306-9"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-67"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref1","unstructured":"1. World Health Organization (2021) Micronutrients. https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/micronutrients (accessed February 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref29","first-page":"162","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin A deficiency in children and women of childbearing age in a southern Indian tribal population: a cross-sectional study","volume":"44","author":"Muliyil","year":"2019","journal-title":"IJCM"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460.2018.1425479"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.5722"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-0407.2011.00139.x"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref28","first-page":"413","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in South Asia: causes, outcomes, and possible remedies","volume":"31","author":"Akhtar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-10-199811150-00003"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref2","unstructured":"2. World Health Organization (2021) Malnutrition. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/malnutrition (accessed February 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980008002401"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref38","unstructured":"38. Allen, L , Benoist, B , Dary, O , (2006) Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/guide_food_fortification_micronutrients.pdf (accessed April 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref3","unstructured":"3. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Micronutrient Deficiencies (1998) Summary. Prevention of Micronutrient Deficiencies: Tools for Policymakers and Public Health Workers. [CP Howson, ET Kennedy and A Horwitz, editors]. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, p. 1."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref5","unstructured":"5. World Health Organization (2002) Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life: In the World Health Report 2002. Technical Report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref4","unstructured":"4. World Health Organization (2009) Global prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in populations at risk 1995\u20132005. WHO Global Database on Vitamin A Deficiency. http:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/publications\/2009\/9789241598019_eng.pdf (accessed February 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref15","unstructured":"15. NITI Aayog (2021) Poshan Abhiyaan. http:\/\/www.niti.gov.in\/index.php\/poshan-abhiyaan (accessed April 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000348674"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2005.10719451"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref27","first-page":"399","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and its associated risk factors among pregnant women of rural south India: a community-based cross-sectional study","volume":"45","author":"Barney","year":"2020","journal-title":"IJCM"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.031500"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref10","unstructured":"10. Indian Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and MoHFW (2017) National Family Health Survey - 4. http:\/\/rchiips.org\/nfhs\/pdf\/NFHS4\/India.pdf (accessed June 2021)."},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1477-9552.12322"},{"key":"S2048679021001026_ref30","unstructured":"30. UNICEF (2008) Sustainable Elimination of Iodine Deficiency: Progress Since the World Summit for Children. Global Report. New York."}],"container-title":["Journal of Nutritional Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2048679021001026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T12:47:14Z","timestamp":1699966034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2048679021001026\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S2048679021001026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/jns.2021.102","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-6790"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-6790","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"article-number":"e110"}}