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We conducted a thorough database search starting on January 1, 2000, and ending on July 12, 2022. We used random-effects models to pool the data. Totally 19 articles met the eligible criteria and were included. Pooled findings indicated that intervention with GFD has a significantly beneficial effect on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (WMD: 4.80 mg\/dl, 95% CI: 2.09, 7.51, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD: \u20132.96 mmHg; 95% CI: \u20134.11, \u20131.81, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD: \u20130.40, mg\/l, 95% CI: \u20130.67, \u20130.14, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) levels. In celiac patients as well as with an intervention duration of more than 48 weeks, GFD increased TC and HDL compared to non-celiac patients and with an intervention duration lower than 48 weeks, respectively. The results of the present study showed that GFD can have a significant and beneficial effect on HDL, SBP, and CRP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2024.39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T05:56:57Z","timestamp":1726639017000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Impact of gluten-free diet (GFD) on some of cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pejman","family":"Rohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elma","family":"Izze da Silva Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roya","family":"Imanifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Jarahzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fateme","family":"Ziamanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somaye","family":"Fatahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajar Ghorbani","family":"Jalalieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6723-7112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Sohouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529950173023"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181978e4d"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-017-1019-5"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b10787"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-S012"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13062"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.19.2147"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.06.020"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13974"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref26","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2011."},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000785"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528809090773"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2021.1980865"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021177"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref3","volume-title":"The Global Economic Burden of Noncommunicable Diseases","author":"Bloom","year":"2012."},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref40","first-page":"109","article-title":"Efectos de una dieta libre de gluten (DLG) durante 6 meses sobre el metabolismo en pacientes con enfermedad cel\u00edaca, sensibilidad al gluten no cel\u00edaca y controles asintom\u00e1ticos","volume":"85","author":"Remes-Troche","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Gastr M\u00e9xico."},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref5","first-page":"303","volume-title":"Dyslipidemia: From Prevention to Treatment 1st ed.","author":"Fakhrzadeh","year":"2012"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2388"},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref6","first-page":"85","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors and cardiac markers among male cement workers in Calabar, Nigeria.","volume":"7","author":"Bassey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chem Health Risks."},{"key":"S2048679024000399_ref17","first-page":"803","article-title":"Does a gluten-free diet improve metabolic syndrome parameters? 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