{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T19:46:27Z","timestamp":1769283987151,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749427200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["854503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["854503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med. Hist."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>When kidney transplantation evolved from an experimental into a clinical treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the 1960s, it was conceptualised as a collaborative therapy. Before specific immunosuppressants were introduced in the 1980s, the best chances for patient and graft survival were expected from finding \u2018good\u2019 matches between donor and recipient tissues. Therefore, the pioneers of clinical transplantation in Europe started to recombine their growing patient pools. They created trans-border organ exchange organisations such as Eurotransplant and Intertransplant, based on shared patient databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The article traces international and transnational co-operation in kidney exchange using the example of state-socialist Germany. How did the German Democratic Republic (GDR) get involved with the interconnected networks of knowledge, data, and organ exchange in ESRD treatment? In what ways did the domestic system of kidney transplantation depend on intra- and trans-bloc exchange? How did the GDR profit, and what did it have to offer on an international scale, both in the First and the Second World? The article sheds light on the under-explored transplantation history of the socialist East and thereby investigates the possibilities and limits of trans-bloc collaboration in Cold War Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/mdh.2025.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T04:28:09Z","timestamp":1749443289000},"page":"610-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Networks of exchange: East German kidney transplantation in European context, 1965\u20131990"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Alexa","family":"Geisth\u00f6vel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/713997"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781316155257"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/jj.7079919.12"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1989.tb01719.x"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhmas\/jrad034"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1980.tb00283.x"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref35","first-page":"81","article-title":"Eurotransplant Experience with Highly Immunized Patients","volume":"92","author":"Hendriks","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology Supplement"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref34","first-page":"493","article-title":"Cyclosporine in Transplantation \u2013 a History of Converging Timelines","volume":"25","author":"Colombo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-48178-3"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref2","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Becoming East German: Socialist Structures and Sensibilities after Hitler","author":"Madar\u00e1sz-Lebenhagen","year":"2013"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25162\/mhj-2020-0005"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ndt.a091903"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref16","first-page":"1831","article-title":"K\u00fcnstliche Niere \u2013 Nierentransplantation","volume":"24","author":"Mebel","year":"1969","journal-title":"Das Deutsche Gesundheitswesen"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref21","first-page":"1269","article-title":"\u2018L\u2019Association France-Transplant: I","volume":"1","author":"Hors","year":"1972","journal-title":"Organisation et fonctionnement\u2019, Nouvelle Presse m\u00e9dicale"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref33","first-page":"100","article-title":"Scientific-Organizative Bases of the Collaboration in Renal Transplantation with the International System \u201cIntertransplant\u201d","volume":"19","author":"Balakirev","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scripta Scientifica Medica"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0008938922001066"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110664171"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2009.01291.x"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref31","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Dokumentation zur Geschichte des Gesundheitswesens der DDR, Teil V (1971-1981)","author":"Rimkeit","year":"2002"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref17","first-page":"3432","article-title":"The Point System in Organ Distribution","volume":"21","author":"Starzl","year":"1989","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25162\/sudhoff-2013-0003"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref26","first-page":"3","article-title":"A Survey of the Work of 35 Dialysis Centres in Eastern Europe and the Northern Countries over the Period 1946\u2013July 1, 1964: Results and Further Planning of Interchange of Information","volume":"2","author":"Alwall","year":"1965","journal-title":"Proceedings of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref13","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Das Transplantationssystem: Dynamik, Konflikte und ethisch-moralische Grenzg\u00e4nge","author":"Feuerstein","year":"1995"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-137-49092-6_8"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5908.622"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2013-101925"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref37","first-page":"30","volume-title":"How to Recombine Large Technical Systems: The Case of European Organ Transplantation","author":"Braun","year":"1993"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref28","volume-title":"The History of the First Kidney Transplantation \u2013 a European Overview","author":"Langer","year":"2019"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-018-0643-1"},{"key":"S002572732500002X_ref20","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Scandiatransplant: Preliminary Report of a Kidney Exchange 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}