{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:12:42Z","timestamp":1784556762406,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]],"date-time":"2014-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398816000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S092427081400009X_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic illness that is treated symptomatically. Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of SZ that is relatively intractable to pharmacotherapy. Yoga can improve cognitive function among healthy individuals. A recent open trial indicated significant benefits of yoga training (YT) in conjunction with conventional pharmacotherapy among patients with SZ.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S092427081400009X_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the protocol for an ongoing randomised controlled trial designed to test whether the reported beneficial effects of YT on cognitive function among SZ patients can be replicated. Secondarily, the effects of YT on daily functioning living skills are evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S092427081400009X_abs3\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consenting patients with SZ receive routine clinical treatment and are randomised to adjunctive YT, adjunctive physical exercise (PE) or treatment as usual (proposed <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 234 total, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 78 in each group). The trial involves YT or PE 5 days a week and lasts 3 weeks. Participants are evaluated thrice over 6 months. Cognitive functions measured by Trail Making Test<jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold> University of Pennsylvania Neurocognitive Computerised Battery were primary outcome measures while clinical severity and daily functioning measured by Independent Living Skills Survey were secondary outcome measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S092427081400009X_abs4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 309 participants have been randomised as of 31 August 2013, which exceeded beyond 294 proposed after attrition. Once participants begin YT or PE they generally complete the protocol. No injuries have been reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S092427081400009X_abs5\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short term YT is feasible and acceptable to Indian SZ patients. If beneficial effects of YT are detected, it will provide a novel adjunctive cognitive remediation strategy for SZ patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2014.9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]],"date-time":"2014-04-30T09:36:47Z","timestamp":1398850607000},"page":"280-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Protocol to evaluate the impact of yoga supplementation on cognitive function in schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Triptish","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sati","family":"Mazumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagendra Narayan","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel E.","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruben C.","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishwajit Laxmikant","family":"Nimgaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smita Neelkanth","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref31","first-page":"351","article-title":"Improved performance in the Tower of London test following yoga","volume":"45","author":"Manjunath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1992.75.3f.1331"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbq049"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref17","unstructured":"Zang R. Do you Suffer from Headaches, Fatigue, Insomnia or Unexplained Aches and Pains? Mesa Lifestyle Magazine 2008;2."},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00278-0"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00279-2"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01749.x"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref26","volume-title":"Principles of Allostasis: Optimal Design, Predictive Regulation, Pathophysiology, and Rational Therapeutics","author":"Sterling","year":"2004"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2011.00587.x"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref18","unstructured":"Wailana. Wai Lana Yoga: Beginners Workout, On Wai Lana Yoga: Fun Challenge Series, 2005."},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2004.09.007"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2012.01865.x"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026712"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25758-2_2"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref29","first-page":"415","article-title":"The integrated approach of yoga: a therapeutic tool for mentally retarded children: a one-year controlled study","volume":"33","author":"Uma","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Ment Defic Res"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.03.015"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref35","first-page":"981","article-title":"Exercise, yoga, and meditation for depressive and anxiety disorders","volume":"81","author":"Saeed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033483"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033379"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.8.763"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012850"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2006.06.008"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182545937"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.31576","article-title":"An estimate of the monthly cost of two major mental disorders in an Indian metropolis","volume":"48","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-32"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018069"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/983258"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007011"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2009.0044"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.11.017"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref62","volume-title":"Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)","author":"Andreasen","year":"1984"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2558"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref3","volume-title":"Neurocognitive functioning inpatients with schizophrenia: an overview","author":"Goldberg","year":"2002"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.18.6.491"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.09.006"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref52","volume-title":"Information Subtest of Verbal Intelligence Scale in Handbook of PGI Battery of Brain Dysfunction","author":"Pershad","year":"1990"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2004.01.009"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950110009002"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref16","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2006 national survey on drug use and health: national findings, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Rockville, MD, 2006."},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-7-40"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.4.408"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1340681.x"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref41","first-page":"117","article-title":"Yoga on our minds: a systematic review of yoga for neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"3","author":"Balasubramaniam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-8-21"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.5.813"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2007.01032.x"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(97)00053-4"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.09.007"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012953108158"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.12.3.426"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2006.09.001"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.9.866"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033343"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref39","first-page":"134","article-title":"Author's reply","volume":"6","author":"Gangadhar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Yoga"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.33258","article-title":"The trail making test in India","volume":"49","author":"Bhatia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref30","first-page":"71","article-title":"Progressive increase in critical flicker fusion frequency following yoga training","volume":"41","author":"Vani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207450108986518"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22166"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.04.015"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/75.4.800"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445510368845"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref61","volume-title":"Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS)","author":"Andreasen","year":"1984"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref37","first-page":"915","article-title":"Community psychiatric management of severely ill schizophrenic patients. An exemplary case study","volume":"71","author":"Langle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0001-4"},{"key":"S092427081400009X_ref20","first-page":"444","article-title":"Health impacts of yoga and pranayama: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"3","author":"Sengupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S092427081400009X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T19:31:50Z","timestamp":1555875110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S092427081400009X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S092427081400009X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/neu.2014.9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-2708","1601-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-2708","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2014\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}