{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:40:44Z","timestamp":1791294044282,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593475200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000253_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to evaluate changes in inflammatory and oxidative stress levels following treatment with <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-acetylcysteine (NAC) or mitochondrial-enhancing agents (CT), and to assess the how these changes may predict and\/or moderate clinical outcomes primarily the Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000253_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study involved secondary analysis of a placebo-controlled randomised trial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 163). Serum samples were collected at baseline and week 16 of the clinical trial to determine changes in Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) following adjunctive CT and\/or NAC treatment, and to explore the predictability of the outcome or moderator effects of these markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000253_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the NAC-treated group, no difference was observed in serum IL-6 and TAC levels after 16 weeks of treatment with NAC or CT. However, results from a moderator analysis showed that in the CT group, lower IL-6 levels at baseline was a significant moderator of MADRS \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (df) = 4.90, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.027) and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I, \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (df) = 6.28 <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.012). In addition, IL-6 was a non-specific but significant predictor of functioning (based on the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS)), indicating that individuals with higher IL-6 levels at baseline had a greater improvement on SOFAS regardless of their treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.023).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000253_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with lower IL-6 levels at baseline had a better response to the adjunctive treatment with the mitochondrial-enhancing agents in terms of improvements in MADRS and CGI-I outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2020.25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T06:43:56Z","timestamp":1593499436000},"page":"313-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Interleukin-6 and total antioxidant capacity levels following <i>N<\/i>-acetylcysteine and a combination nutraceutical 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