{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:45:23Z","timestamp":1788057923760,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000411_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency may be a clinical problem in patients with addictions. The authors systematically searched for studies addressing vitamin D and addiction and develop a hypothesis which can direct future research of the possible mechanistic role of vitamin D in the process of addiction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000411_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic review of the literature found in PubMed and EMBASE followed by narrative review combined with clinical experiences leading to hypotheses for future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000411_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Only five articles were identified about a role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of addiction. Their results are in line with a possible influence of vitamin D in dopaminergic transmission. The cerebral vitamin D status depends on the functionality of genetic variants of vitamin D receptor and other involved genes. Routine serum calcidiol levels may not adequately reflect cerebral vitamin D status. Uncertainty exists regarding appropriate calcidiol blood levels and proper dosages for affecting the central nervous system (CNS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270820000411_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The putative pathophysiological role of vitamin D in substance abuse has been insufficiently studied which calls to more studies how to measure cerebral vitamin D status in clinical practice. Research is indicated whether vitamin D supplementation should use higher dosages and aim to reach higher calcidiol serum levels. Measuring dopaminergic functioning within the prefrontal cortex as reflected by neuropsychological tests selected as suitable could be a appropriate proxy for the cerebral vitamin D status when studying the pharmacogenomics of this functionality in patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2020.41","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T07:25:41Z","timestamp":1605252341000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Putative role of vitamin D in the mechanism of alcoholism and other addictions \u2013 a hypothesis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Tanya M.","family":"Galyuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4942-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton 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