{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:46:41Z","timestamp":1792010801673,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924270822000084_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>S100B is a glial cell protein with bimodal function. In low concentrations, it exerts neurotrophic effects, but higher levels reflect neuronal distress. Recent research suggests that this molecule may be a biomarker of response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We examined the effect of ECT on serum S100B and its utility as 1) a biomarker of a depressive state and 2) a predictor of ECT response. We also wanted to ensure that ECT does not cause a marked serum S100B elevation, indicating neural distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270822000084_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We measured serum S100B in 22 in-patients treated with ECT due to depression. Depression severity was assessed using 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). The data were collected before an ECT series, within 1 week after the series (post-ECT), and at a 6-month follow-up. Changes in serum S100B and clinical outcomes were tested using a linear mixed model. A relationship between serum S100B and the clinical outcomes was examined using Spearman\u2019s and partial correlation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270822000084_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum S100B did not change significantly immediately after an ECT series or 6 months later. The post-ECT serum S100B change was not associated with the clinical effect (rho = 0.14, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 22, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.54). The baseline serum S100B did not predict the clinical effect when controlling for age (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.02, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 22, df = 19, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.92).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924270822000084_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study neither supports serum S100B as a state marker of depression nor a predictor of ECT response. No evidence for ECT-related neural distress was found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2022.8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T07:57:40Z","timestamp":1646639860000},"page":"269-275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Serum S100B protein after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6309-8736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Gbyl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklas 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