{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T07:22:30Z","timestamp":1778397750617,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":187,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100276_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>This study aims to ascertain the effect of baseline IL-1Ra and IL-8 in the treatment response of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to clarify the relationship between inflammation markers and depression.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100276_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>We recruited 242 patients with a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score \u2265 17 referred to secondary care in Finland. The patients\u2019 serum IL-1Ra and IL-8 concentrations were measured at baseline. Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) tests and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Tests (AUDIT) were administered at baseline and six weeks. The antidepressant treatments varied: somewere started, others changed or continued their previous medication, and others had their doses adjusted. Patients started behavioral activation therapy. Linear regression was used with a relative MADRS score change during six weeks as the dependent variable and patient age, AUDIT score, BMI, daily number of cigarettes smoked, sex, and serum IL-1Ra and IL-8 concentrations as independent variables.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100276_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Higher baseline serum IL-1Ra and IL-8 levels were associated with a smaller relative change in the MADRS-score within the first six weeks of treatment in linear regression analysis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.007, respectively). In further analysis comparing groups with \u2264 24 and&gt;24 MADRS score only the \u2264 24 MADRS score group showed a similar association.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100276_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Higher baseline IL-1Ra and IL-8 concentrations were associated with a lesser relative response to depression treatment, particularly in patients with mild depression. Results on IL-8 concur with earlier findings, whereas the association between higher IL-1Ra serum concentrations reduced treatment response is a novel finding.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2025.10027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T02:31:56Z","timestamp":1751855516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["IL-8 and IL-1RA serum levels predicting depression treatment response in 6-week follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8814-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuukka","family":"M\u00f6kk\u00f6nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anssi","family":"Solismaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital"},{"name":"The Pirkanmaa Wellbeing Services County"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eeva","family":"Moilanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6891-2266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olli","family":"Kampman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital"},{"name":"The Pirkanmaa Wellbeing Services County"},{"name":"Ume\u00e5 University"},{"name":"University of Turku"},{"name":"The Wellbeing Services County of Ostrobothnia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.11.050"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.9.1554"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12698"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1820-x"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0474-5"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref38","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023) https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/depression."},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.03.073"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-022-03784-8"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2012.718331"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030123"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref4","unstructured":"Babor, TF , Higgins-Biddle, JC , Saunders, JB and Monteiro, MG (2001) AUDIT - the alcohol use disorders identification test, guidelines for use in primary care, World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/67205\/1\/WHO_MSD_MSB_01.6a.pdf,"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01696"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14010094"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181907c1b"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2018.04.001"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.11.006"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.05.012"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03351.x"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref28","first-page":"22","article-title":"The mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.029"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref5","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory","author":"Beck","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.033"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.688136"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref24","unstructured":"Ostrobothnia depression study (2014) https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02520271?term=NCT02520271&draw=2&rank=1."},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1997.0238"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.06.009"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.180752"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0913"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X14666151208113700"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref37","first-page":"205","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce suicidal ideation and depression","volume":"28","author":"Lehrer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Discovery Medicine"},{"key":"S0924270825100276_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.01.023"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0924270825100276","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T16:16:26Z","timestamp":1759853786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0924270825100276\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0924270825100276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/neu.2025.10027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-2708","1601-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-2708","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e83"}}