{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T18:15:09Z","timestamp":1783534509187,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":237,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100331_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common genetic diseases. The comorbidity of AITD and MDD has been widely demonstrated by large amounts of epidemiological studies. However, the genetic architectures of the comorbidity remain unknown.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100331_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>We use large-scale GWAS summary data and novel genetic statistical methods to assess the genetic correlation and potential causality between AITD and MDD disorders. We perform cross-trait GWAS meta-analyses to identify genetic risk variants not previously associated with the individual traits. And we use summary-data-based mendelian randomisation to identify putative functional genes shared between diseases.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100331_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Both global and local genetic correlation study confirmed the genetic correlation of AITD and MDD. Through multi-trait analysis of GWAS (MTAG), we identified 112 SNPs associated with the conjoint phenotype, but not with individual traits. Mendelian randomisation confirmed the causal relationship between MDD (exposure) and AITD (outcome). The summary-based mendelian randomisation study found two plausible functional genes for AITD and MDD comorbidity.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924270825100331_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>AITD and MDD are genetically correlated in global and local chromosomal regions. MR analyses support a putative casual effect of MDD on AITD risk, though residual pleiotropy or confounding cannot be fully excluded. These findings highlight the need for triangulation with experimental and longitudinal studies to confirm causality.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2025.10033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T07:11:26Z","timestamp":1756192286000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genetic correlation and causal relationships between autoimmune thyroid disease and major depressive disorders"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8290-2080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangdu People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingshuo","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e82"}}