{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:40:37Z","timestamp":1790088037580,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S092427082610057X_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young adults (19\u201324 years) commonly experience elevated rates of sleep disturbance, anxiety, and cognitive stress yet often underutilise formal mental-health services. Music therapy, binaural beats, and related auditory entrainment techniques offer accessible, non-pharmacological approaches that may enhance emotional regulation, cognition, and physiological stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S092427082610057X_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review interventional clinical trials published over the past decade evaluating music- and rhythm-based auditory interventions for mental-health and cognitive outcomes in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S092427082610057X_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A systematic search of PubMed\/MEDLINE and PsycINFO (01 January 2015 \u2013 01 January 2025) was conducted using the terms (music therapy OR binaural beats OR auditory entrainment) AND (mental health OR neurorehabilitation OR cognition OR anxiety OR depression). After screening 122 abstracts, 10 trials met inclusion criteria. Effect sizes (Cohen\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and 95% confidence intervals were extracted or estimated. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251178490).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S092427082610057X_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interventions included bedtime music therapy, audiovisual stimulation, and binaural-beat exposure across laboratory, clinical, and rehabilitation settings. Most studies demonstrated significant or moderate improvements in at least one domain: anxiety reduction, stress physiology, mood regulation, sleep quality, or cognitive performance (standardised mean differences 0.3\u20130.6).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S092427082610057X_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence suggests that music-based and binaural-beat interventions can beneficially modulate sleep, anxiety, and cognitive processes in young adults. However, heterogeneity in design and small sample sizes limit the certainty of findings. Future adequately powered randomised controlled trials should address transdiagnostic mechanisms and long-term efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2026.10057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T05:54:21Z","timestamp":1770616461000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Music and binaural beat interventions for young adults: A systematic review of effects on anxiety, sleep, and cognition"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3508-684X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham Yousry","family":"Elnazer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034w9e597","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Priory Wellbeing Centre"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qz7fr76","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13040569","article-title":"Sleep deprivation and insomnia in adolescence","volume":"13","author":"DelRosso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsae033"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2021.102765"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref21","first-page":"5812450","article-title":"The impact of binaural-beat frequency on working memory performance","volume":"2022","author":"Rakhshan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.09.014"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref9","first-page":"1902","article-title":"Music therapy for pain and anxiety in burn rehabilitation: Clinical trial","volume":"45","author":"Hosseini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref3","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref25","first-page":"7917","article-title":"Live music therapy for anxiety in adolescent and young-adult HSCT recipients","volume":"30","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Supportive Care in Cancer"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref11","first-page":"5678","article-title":"Effects of audiovisual stimulation with and without binaural beats on mood and cognition: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Johnson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref10","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Binaural beat music and anxiety during dental procedures: A randomized controlled study","volume":"43","author":"Isik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2014.10.010"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref12","first-page":"28","article-title":"The efficacy of binaural beats as a stress-buffering technique","volume":"27","author":"Kelton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref20","first-page":"567","article-title":"Music therapy for anxiety reduction in oral surgery patients","volume":"81","author":"Pellicer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.01.021"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-2069-6"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-113"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1073-94"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad459"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32816ebc8c"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12760"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470743386"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3666"},{"key":"S092427082610057X_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0411-11.2011"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropsychiatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S092427082610057X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:52:41Z","timestamp":1784271161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S092427082610057X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S092427082610057X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/neu.2026.10057","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-2708","1601-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-2708","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e15"}}