{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T07:55:13Z","timestamp":1790582113369,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I+D+i PID2020-112514GB-C-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+i PID2020-112514GB-C-21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Hist Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In 1892, Ram Brahma Sanyal (1850\u20131908), superintendent of the Calcutta Zoological Gardens (CZG), published\n                    <jats:italic>A Handbook on the Management of Animals in Captivity in Lower Bengal<\/jats:italic>\n                    , securing him international renown. This article will ask how a \u2018native of India\u2019, subjected to the racial hierarchies of the British Empire, became a crucial reference in the global debate on zoo animal husbandry. How did a seemingly peripheral zoo such as the CZG become the site of extensive knowledge production on the nutrition, husbandry and veterinary care of captive animals? Sanyal\u2019s subordinated position at the zoo, which forced him to gather his observations daily as an animal keeper, enabled him to systematize his practical knowledge in the\n                    <jats:italic>Handbook<\/jats:italic>\n                    and to become a respected naturalist in British Bengal. His expertise was further enhanced by the CZG\u2019s role as a hub of the international animal trade where Sanyal oversaw shipments in all directions. The case of Sanyal and his\n                    <jats:italic>Handbook<\/jats:italic>\n                    points to the need to decentre zoo historiography away from understanding Western zoos as the sole pacemakers in the evolution of zoos. Rather, zoo management and what would later be called \u2018zoo biology\u2019 were knowledges created in the emerging global network of zoos around 1900.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s000708742610212x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T06:58:31Z","timestamp":1790578711000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Caring for your creatures: Ram Brahma Sanyal and the Calcutta Zoo"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4983-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Hochadel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y9jdj03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Mil\u00e1 y Fontanals Institution for Research in the Humanities"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"container-title":["The British Journal for the History of Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S000708742610212X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T06:58:31Z","timestamp":1790578711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S000708742610212X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["S000708742610212X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s000708742610212x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0874","1474-001X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0874","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-001X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of British Society for the History of Science.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}