{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T01:01:28Z","timestamp":1768870888762,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation influences the assessment of nutritional status. For example, inflammation reduces plasma retinol concentrations and vitamin A deficiency is overestimated. Conversely inflammation increases plasma ferritin concentrations and Fe deficiency is underestimated. Blood samples were obtained from 163 free-living HIV-1-infected adults, not on continuous medication, anti-retroviral drugs or micronutrients, not unwell and who had not reached WHO stage IV of HIV\/AIDS. We used four markers of inflammation, C-reactive protein (CRP), \u03b11-acid glycoprotein (AGP), \u03b11-antichymotrypsin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate but mainly CRP and AGP were used to separate the subjects into four groups: \u2018healthy\u2019 where both CRP and AGP were normal; \u2018incubation phase\u2019 where CRP was elevated; \u2018early convalescence\u2019 where AGP and CRP were elevated and \u2018late convalescence\u2019 where only AGP was elevated. Correction factors were calculated to remove the influence of inflammation from each biomarker and group where inflammation was present and the data are shown before and after recalculation. The correction increased median plasma retinol concentrations of the whole group from 1\u00b716 to 1\u00b733\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l, comparable with values (mean 1\u00b729\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l) in HIV-negative Kenyan women. Median ferritin concentrations fell by about 50\u00a0% in both sexes and the number of women with plasma ferritin concentrations \u2264\u00a012\u00a0\u03bcg\/l increased from eleven to twenty. The correction also increased plasma carotenoids and Hb but not \u03b1-tocopherol concentrations. We suggest that the method described to remove the influence of inflammation from nutritional biomarkers should be generally applicable in apparently healthy people and prevents discarding valuable data because of mild inflammation. The method does now need to be tested in other populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114507883012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,4]],"date-time":"2008-01-04T14:08:15Z","timestamp":1199455695000},"page":"174-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Using plasma acute-phase protein concentrations to interpret nutritional biomarkers in apparently healthy HIV-1-seropositive Kenyan adults"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"David I.","family":"Thurnham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne S. 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Nairobi, Kenya: CPHR-KEMRI."},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2005468"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365519850186391"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19970194"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref22","unstructured":"22 UNICEF , UNU & WHO (2001) Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Assessment, Prevention and Control. A Guide for Programme Managers, pp. 1\u2013114. WHO\/NHD\/01.3. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization."},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-2261(21)00338-6","article-title":"Ferritin in human tissues and serum","volume":"11","author":"Worwood","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Haematol"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.6.1624"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.6.1498"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)42007-3","article-title":"Effects of acute inflammation on plasma retinol, retinol-binding protein, and its messenger RNA in the liver and kidneys of vitamin A sufficient rats","volume":"37","author":"Rosales","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.63.2.115"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref33","first-page":"553","article-title":"The role of interleukin-6 in vitamin A deficiency during Plasmodium falciparum malaria and possible consequences for vitamin A supplementation","volume":"75","author":"Tabone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2003.08.020"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.21.10005"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/73.6.1066"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref40","volume-title":"Practical Haematology","author":"Dacie","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(99)00090-3"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.10.3061"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/44.6.924"},{"key":"S0007114507883012_ref25","unstructured":"25 Mwaniki DL , Omwega AM , Minui EM , Mutunga JN , Akelola R , Shako BR , Gotink MH & Pertet AM (2001) Anaemia and status of iron, vitamin A and zinc in Kenya. The 1999 National Survey Report. pp. 1\u2013221. Nairobi, Ministry of Health."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114507883012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T01:10:19Z","timestamp":1630458619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114507883012\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114507883012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114507883012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}}}