{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T16:13:27Z","timestamp":1732032807470},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]],"date-time":"2008-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220918400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of the present study was to determine marginal vitamin A deficiency (VAD) by testing the hydrolysis of retinoyl glucuronide (RAG) to retinoic acid (RA) in children. Previous studies in rats showed that hydrolysis occurred when rats were vitamin A deficient. Children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 61) aged 3\u201318 years, were divided into two groups, I and II. Blood was collected from the children in Group I (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 19) who were not dosed with RAG. Children in Group II (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 42) were administered all-<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic> retinoyl glucuronide (RAG) orally, and blood was collected 4\u00a0h after the dose. All serum samples were analysed for retinoids and carotenoids. RA was detected in serum only when serum retinol was &lt;\u00a00\u00b785\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l. Thus, hydrolysis of RAG to RA occurred in children with VAD or marginal VAD. Serum retinol was &lt;\u00a00\u00b735\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l in twenty-one children, 0\u00b735\u20130\u00b77\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l in twenty-three children, 0\u00b77\u20130\u00b79\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l in eleven children and &gt;1\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l in six children. Mean serum retinol in sixty-one children was 0\u00b7522 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 0\u00b7315) \u03bcmol\/l. Mean \u03b2-carotene (0\u00b7016 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 0\u00b7015) \u03bcmol\/l) was far below normal compared to the level of lutein (0\u00b7176 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 0\u00b710) \u03bcmol\/l) in sixty-one children. A low \u03b2-carotene level might be due to a low intake of carotene but high demand for vitamin A. The RAG hydrolysis test may prove to be a useful approach for the determination of marginal VAD with no clinical or subclinical signs of VAD. High prevalence of VAD amongst certain communities in Assam cannot be ruled out.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114508047739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]],"date-time":"2008-09-09T09:34:48Z","timestamp":1220952888000},"page":"794-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A new approach to the assessment of marginal vitamin A deficiency in children in suburban Guwahati, India: hydrolysis of retinoyl glucuronide to retinoic acid"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Pulin C.","family":"Sarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhabesh C.","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishna","family":"Gogoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harsha","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arun B.","family":"Barua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref15","unstructured":"15 UNICEF (2007) Vitamin A supplementation: a decade of progress. http:\/\/www.unicef.org (accessed February 2008).."},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref2","unstructured":"2 World Health Organization (2008) Micronutrient deficiencies. Vitamin A deficiency. http:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/topics\/vad\/en\/index.html (accessed February 2008).."},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.1.290S"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/120.suppl_11.1459"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7323.1206"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2863(97)00133-2"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref18","first-page":"1439","article-title":"Serum levels of vitamin A and carotenoids as reflectors of nutritional status","volume":"73","author":"Olson","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15099-4"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref17","unstructured":"17 World Health Organization (2008) Micronutrient deficiencies. Vitamin A deficiency. www.who.int\/vmnis\/vitaminA\/data\/en\/index.html (accessed February 2008).."},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref14","first-page":"725","article-title":"Acute-phase protein levels, diarrhoea, Trichuris trichura and maternal education are predictors of serum retinol: a cross-sectional study of children in a Dhaka slum, Bangladesh","volume":"96","author":"Kongsback","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2004715"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3140249"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref13","unstructured":"13 College of St Benedict & St John's University (2008) Student's t-tests. http:\/\/www.physics.csbsju.edu\/stats\/t-test.html (accessed May 2008)."},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.8.1996"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref19","first-page":"409","volume-title":"Carotenoids in Health and Disease","author":"Furr","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref11","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Modern Chromatographic Analysis of Vitamins","volume":"84","author":"Barua","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2003.08.008"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref3","first-page":"585","volume-title":"Vitamin A in Health and Disease","author":"West","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007114508047739_ref1","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease","author":"Ross","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114508047739","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T19:32:47Z","timestamp":1554579167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114508047739\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,28]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114508047739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114508047739","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]]}}}