{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:37:06Z","timestamp":1793399826626,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,20]],"date-time":"2008-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219190400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of nutrition in onset, progression and treatment of periodontitis has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the present prospective clinical study, we investigated the influence of a nutritional intervention on changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal variables during a period of 12 months in patients with the metabolic syndrome and chronic periodontitis. Twenty female subjects with the metabolic syndrome and mild to moderate chronic periodontitis participated in a guided nutritional intervention programme. Examinations were assessed before, and at 2 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months after intervention. Clinical measurements included probing depth, L\u00f6e and Silness gingival index and Quigley\u2013Hein plaque index. In gingival crevicular fluid, periodontopathogens, levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 as well as the activity of granulocyte elastase were determined. In stimulated saliva, antioxidative and oxidative variables were measured. After 12 months the following significant changes could be observed: reduction of clinical probing depth (2\u00b740<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>2\u00b720\u00a0mm;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), reduction of gingival inflammation (gingival index 1\u00b713<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>0\u00b79;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), reduced concentrations of IL-1\u03b2 (4\u00b763<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>1\u00b710\u00a0pg\/ml per site;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001) as well as IL-6 (1\u00b785<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>0\u00b734\u00a0pg\/ml per site;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7022) in gingival crevicular fluid. Bacterial counts in gingival crevicular fluid as well as oxidative and antioxidative variables in saliva showed no significant changes. Only salivary catalase showed a tendency to lower values. These findings indicate that in patients with the metabolic syndrome wholesome nutrition might reduce inflammatory variables of periodontal disease and promote periodontal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114508047776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,20]],"date-time":"2008-08-20T08:15:06Z","timestamp":1219220106000},"page":"879-885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Axel","family":"Jenzsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrun","family":"Eick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausi","family":"Rassoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Purschwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Jentsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2001141"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(94)90011-6"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref36","first-page":"57","article-title":"Modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine biology by unsaturated fatty acids","volume":"37","author":"Grimble","year":"1998","journal-title":"Z Ernahrungswiss"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(98)00010-0"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500713"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1997.tb00568.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref4","first-page":"25","article-title":"High fruit consumption and the periodontal status of farm workers","volume":"14","author":"Blignaut","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Prev Dent"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1970.41.41.41"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2003.00670.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02109.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600783"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.2.120"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1996.tb00180.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00220.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref15","first-page":"295","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines production and PMN-elastase release from activated PMN cells in the periodontal disease","volume":"57","author":"Drugarin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.98106s51219"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Risk factors for periodontitis","volume":"7","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(02)01043-2"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2006.8.45"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.6.1395"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref7","first-page":"345","article-title":"Poor overall diet quality as a possible contributor to calculus formation","volume":"24","author":"Al-Zahrani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345010800070701"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-8532(02)00103-9"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.2.430S"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1984.tb01303.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00744.x"},{"key":"S0007114508047776_ref21","volume-title":"Vollwert \u2013 Ernaehrung. 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