{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:27:56Z","timestamp":1789586876113,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]],"date-time":"2008-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225497600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Concerns about risks for older people with vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>deficiency have delayed the introduction of mandatory folic acid fortification in the UK. We examined the risks of anaemia and cognitive impairment in older people with low B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>and high folate status in the setting of voluntary fortification in the UK. Data were obtained from two cross-sectional studies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>2403) conducted in Oxford city and Banbury in 1995 and 2003, respectively. Associations (OR and 95\u00a0% CI) of cognitive impairment and of anaemia with low B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>status (holotranscobalamin &lt;\u00a045\u00a0pmol\/l) with or without high folate status (defined either as serum folate &gt;30\u00a0nmol\/l or &gt;60\u00a0nmol\/l) were estimated after adjustment for age, sex, smoking and study. Mean serum folate levels increased from 15\u00b78 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>14\u00b77) nmol\/l in 1995 to 31\u00b71 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>26\u00b72) nmol\/l in 2003. Serum folate levels were greater than 30\u00a0nmol\/l in 9\u00a0% and greater than 60\u00a0nmol\/l in 5\u00a0%. The association of cognitive impairment with low B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>status was unaffected by high<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>low folate status (&gt;30\u00a0nmol\/l) (OR 1\u00b750 (95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b791, 2\u00b746)<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>1\u00b745 (95\u00a0% CI 1\u00b719, 1\u00b776)), respectively. The associations of cognitive impairment with low B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>status were also similar using the higher cut-off point of 60\u00a0nmol\/l for folate status ((OR 2\u00b746; 95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b790, 6\u00b771)<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>(1\u00b756; 95\u00a0% CI 1\u00b730, 1\u00b788)). There was no evidence of modification by high folate status of the associations of low B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>with anaemia or cognitive impairment in the setting of voluntary fortification, but periodic surveys are needed to monitor fortification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114508958001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,17]],"date-time":"2008-03-17T10:23:56Z","timestamp":1205749436000},"page":"1054-1059","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Folate and vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub>status in relation to cognitive impairment and anaemia in the setting of voluntary fortification in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sherliker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Hin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Molloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebba","family":"Nexo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per M.","family":"Ueland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Emmens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John 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of holo-transcobalamin, a marker of vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"48","author":"Nexo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"S0007114508958001_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.5.1384"},{"key":"S0007114508958001_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.193"}],"container-title":["British Journal of 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