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From day 3 postpartum to 6 months (around puberty) of age, one twin lamb was fed a conventional (CONV) diet and the other a high-carbohydrate\u2013high-fat (HCHF) diet, resulting in four groups of offspring: NORM-CONV; NORM-HCHF; LOW-CONV; LOW-HCHF. At 6 months of age, half of the lambs (all males and three females) were slaughtered for further examination and the other half (females only) were transferred to a moderate sheep diet until slaughtered at 24 months of age (adulthood). Maternal undernutrition during late gestation reduced the birth weight of LOW offspring (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), and its long-term effects were increased adrenal size in male lambs and adult females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), increased neonatal appetite for fat-(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00\u00b7004) rather than carbohydrate-rich feeds (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001) and reduced deposition of subcutaneous fat in both sexes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b705). Furthermore, LOW-HCHF female lambs had markedly higher visceral:subcutaneous fat ratios compared with the other groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001). Postnatal overfeeding (HCHF) resulted in obesity (&gt;30\u00a0% fat in soft tissue) and widespread ectopic lipid deposition. In conclusion, our sheep model revealed strong pre- and postnatal impacts on growth, food preferences and fat deposition patterns. The present findings support a role for subcutaneous adipose tissue in the development of visceral adiposity, which in humans is known to precede the development of the metabolic syndrome in human adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114512004199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]],"date-time":"2012-10-15T13:36:01Z","timestamp":1350308161000},"page":"2098-2110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Late gestation undernutrition can predispose for visceral adiposity by altering fat distribution patterns and increasing the preference for a high-fat diet in early postnatal life"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"M. O.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. H.","family":"Kongsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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